Download Amines, Amides, & Amino Acids

Hydrocarbon Derivatives
Amines, Amides, & Amino Acids
Amines
• Contain a N
• General Format: RNH2
• -NH2 = amino group (Remember, N has a
bonding capacity of 3.)
• Since molecules can contain H bonded to N,
hydrogen bonding occurs, but it is weaker than
hydrogen bonding in alcohols and carboxylic
acids.
• Amines smell really, really bad.
Table R

R’
• Shows format RNR” This is a 3 amine.

H
• 1 amines: RNH

H
• 2 amines: RNR’
Naming Amines
•
•
•
•
Find name of base hydrocarbon.
Drop final –e.
Add “-amine.”
If necessary, use a # in front of name to
give location of amino group.
 
 
H H H
HCCNH
H H
 

 

H H H H
HCCCNH
H H H
Ethanamine
1-propanamine
<
H H

 
 
H N H
HCCCH
H H H


CH2CH2CH2
NH2
NH2
2-propanamine
1,3-propanediamine
NH2
NH2


CHCH2CH2CH
1,1,4,4-butanetetraamine


NH2
NH2
Examples of amines
•
•
•
•
•
PABA
Caffeine
Novacain
B-vitamins
Preparation of dyes
Amides
• Contain a carbonyl group, >C=O, & an
amino group, NH2 group.
• The amino group is bonded to the C of the
carbonyl group.
• Links amino acids together.
Table R
O R’
=

=
O
• General Format: RCNH2 or RCNH
• It’s like taking a carboxylic acid, RCOOH,
and replacing the -OH with NH2.
•
• RCO-NH2. In this case, no # is needed in
name. Amide group is at end of molecule.
Naming Amides
• Find the name of the alkane with the same
# of C’s, drop the final –e, & replace it with
–amide.
=
H O

HCCNH
2

H
Ethanamide
=
O
CH3CH2CNH2
Propanamide
Properties of Amides
• Have strong hydrogen bonding, so high
boiling points.
• Simple amides are solids at room temp.
• Smaller amides are very soluble in water.
Amino Acids
•
•
•
•
Have to recognize them.
Contain a carboxyl group (-COOH).
Contain an amine group (-NH2).
Amino group is on the C next to the
carboxyl group.
• Don’t have to name them.
NH2
O

CH3CC
OH
NH2
O

CH2C
OH
Amino Acids
alanine
glycine