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Transcription / Translation Transcription Transcription A few Translation players amino acid tRNA anticodon codon mRNA Translation occurs in the cytoplasm Translation mRNA codons for Amino Acids Making a Protein Transcription / Translation Mutations when change happens How Mutations Happen • Mistakes during DNA replication • Agents called mutagens • Radiation • chemicals Types of Mutations • Substitution • Insertion • Deletion • Frameshift Timing: Somatic vs Germ Line Mutations Mutation Effects • No change visible • Small changes in form/function/timing of proteins • Significant changes in function/timing/pres ence
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