Download Slide 1

Reproductive Physiology
ENDOCRINE
ROBIN WEBB CORBETT, PHD, RNC
What does this phone call mean?
How is life going to change for this woman/couple?
Health care is changing
Maternity Ward
Endocrine System
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Serum Calcium Level
Parathyroid gland
Serum Calcium Level
Calcium mobilization
from bone
Calcium absorption in
gut
PTH
Parathyroid gland
PTH levels (increased
calcium turns system off)
15
16
17
Chemical class Hormones
Major source
Amines
CNS
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
Iodothyronines
Small peptides
Proteins
18
CNS, adrenal medulla
Adrenal medulla
Thyroxine (T4)
Thyroid gland
Triiodothyronine (T3)
Peripheral tissues
(conversion site of T4 to T3)
Vasopressin (antidiuretic
hormone; ADH)
Posterior pituitary
Oxytocin
Posterior pituitary
Thyrotrophin-releasing
hormone (TRH)
Hypothalamus, CNS
Gonadotropin-releasing
hormone (GnRH, LHRH)
Hypothalamus, CNS
Somatostatin (SRIF)
Hypothalamus, CNS
Insulin
Beta cells of pancreatic islets
Glucagon
Alpha cells of pancreatic islets
Growth hormone or
somatotropin (GH, STH)
Anterior pituitary
Placental lactogen (PL)
Glycoproteins
Prolactin (PRL)
Placenta
ACTH
Parathyroid gland
Secretin
Anterior pituitary
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
Gastrointestinal tract
Gastrin
Gastrointestinal tract
Gastric-inhibitory
peptide (GIP)
Gastrointestinal tract
Follicle-stimulating
hormone (FSH)
Anterior pituitary
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Anterior pituitary
Chorionic gonadotrophin (CG)
Placenta
Thyroid-stimulating
hormone (TSH)
Anterior pituitary
Steroid19
• cortisol
• estrogen
• progesterone
• testosterone
• dihydrotestosterone
Amino Acid
• thyroxine
• triiodothyromine
Proteins
• insulin
Binding proteins,20
their hormones, and
variables that affect their circulating levels
Factors that
increase binding
protein
Factors that
decrease binding
protein
Estrogen
Liver disease
Binding protein
Hormone
Corticosteriodbinding globulin
Cortisol
Progesterone
Sex hormonebinding globulin
Dihydrotesterone
Testosterone
Estradiol
Thyroid-binding
globulin
T4
T3
Estrogen
Hyperthyroidism
Testosterone
Glucocorticoids
Liver Disease
Albumin
All lipid-soluble
hormones
Estrogen
Liver disease
Malnutrition
Renal disease
Androgens
Hypothyroidism
Liver disease
21
 Receptors
 Cell 2000-10,000
 Specific - Hormone
 Does not Remain Constant
 Activation
 direct
 activating cyclic AMP
 genes
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Protein Hormones - Prolactin
 Preprohormone
 Prohormone
 Active Protein Hormone
Golgi Apparatus
 Secretory Vesicles
 Cytoplasmic Compartment