Download Biochemistry2

Organic Compounds
Biology
How is an organism organized?
B
E
C
A
F
D
Macromolecules
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Macromolecules = “GIANT
molecules.”
Macromolecules are formed by
polymerization.

Large compounds (polymers) are built by
joining smaller ones (monomers)
together.
What are monomers and
polymers?
This lemur
is holding a
monomer!


Monomer—single
molecules
Polymer—large
molecules made up of
many smaller molecules
(monomers)
POLYMER = MACROMOLECULE
What do all organic
compounds have in common?

They all contain
CARBON!
6
C
Carbon
12.011
4 Macromolecules
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Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Foldable!
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Monomer
Monomer
Elements
Elements
Function & Types
Proteins
Nucleic
Acids
Monomer
Monomer
Elements
Elements
Function & Types
Carbohydrates
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Monomer: Monosaccharide (sugar)
Polymer: Polysaccharides
Elements: Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Ratio- 1 : 2 : 1.
Function: Main source of energy.
Types: Monosaccharide (glucose) and
Polysaccharides (starches).
Lipids
Monomer: Fatty acids and
glycerol.
 Polymer: Lipid
 Elements: C, H,O
 Function: Store extra energy, and
cell membranes.
 Types: Fats, oils, steroids,
triglycerides, phospholipids and
waxes.

Nucleic Acid
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Monomer: Nucleotide
Polymer: Nucleic Acid
Elements: C, H, N, O and P

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Three parts: sugar, a phosphate, and a
nitrogenous base.
Uses: Carry and Store genetic
information.
Types: DNA and RNA
Proteins
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Monomer: Amino Acids (20 types)
Polymer: Protein
Elements: C, H, and O.
Function: Controls rate of reactions, used
to form bones and muscles, transport
substances into or out of cell, help fight
diseases
Types: Enzymes, Antibodies, Protein
channels