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ALLERGIES
OBJECTIVES
• The Participant will be able to
– Recognize signs of allergic reaction
– Identify and address causes and aggravating
factors of allergies
– Effectively use an Allergy Action Plan and
Individual Care Plan
– Demonstrate awareness of allergy
treatment methods
ALLERGIES
An allergic reaction is an abnormal immune
response to a substance that does not generally
cause a reaction in most people.
(The tendency to be allergic is inherited; the actual allergy is
not inherited)
CAUSES OF ALLERGIES
INHALANTS: the allergen is breathed in through
the nose or mouth
INJECTED: enter the body
through puncture
CONTACT ALLERGIES: enter the body
through the skin
INGESTANTS: substances that enter the
body by mouth
INGESTANTS
FOOD
Milk
Eggs
Wheat
Peanuts
Soy
Fish
INGESTANTS
DRUGS
Antibiotics
Vaccines
Insulin
Aspirin
(Allergy-like reaction)
INJECTED
Vaccines
Antibiotics
Insulin
Insect Stings
INHALANTS
Dust Mites
Pollen
Molds
Latex
Animal Secretions/dander
CONTACT ALLERGIES
Some metals
Powders
Latex
Lotions
AGGRAVATING FACTORS
Weather
Changes
Second hand smoke
Heat
Cold
Infection
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Asthma
Itchy, watery eyes
Itchy, runny nose
Hives
Eczema
Wheezing
Recurring headache
Cough
Shortness of breath
Itching
Stomach cramps
Diarrhea
Dark circles around the eyes
CONDTIONS CAUSED BY
ALLERGIES
• Asthma
• Hay Fever
• Eczema
• Hives
• Contact
Dermatitis
TREATMENT
Avoidance
Medication
Allergy Shots (Immunotherapy)
Control of environment
ANAPHYLAXIS
SEVERE ALLERGIC REACTION
Life Threatening!
Symptoms of Anaphylaxis
Occur within minutes or up to 2 hours
after exposure to allergen
(in rare occasions, up to 4 hours after exposure)
ANAPHYLAXIS
CAUSES
Food Allergies
Drug Allergies
Insect Stings
Anaphylaxis
TREATMENT
3 Rs
Recognize symptoms
React Quickly
Review what happened
Anaphylaxis
TREATMENT
Epi pen (or epi pen jr.)
911
References
American Lung Association, www.lungusa.org
Kids Health for Parents, www.kidshealth.org
The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology,
www.aaaai.org
The Lung Association, www.lung.ca
Ohio Department of Health in Collaboration
with the Ohio Department of Job and Family
Services, Healthy Child Care Ohio, the Ohio
Asthma Coalition and the American Lung
Association of Ohio, Managing Asthma in Ohio
Child Care Facilities