Download Police and the Law

Policing in America
What do police do?
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Principles of Democracy
 Constitutional Government
 Separation of Power
 Federalism
 Rule of Law
 Civil Rights
 Majority Rule
 Individualism
 Human Dignity
 Social Justice
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Police and the Law
Purposes of Law
Forms of Law
• Legitimate Social
Structure
• Substantive Law
• Procedural Law
• Regulate Social
Conduct
• Common Law
• Regulate Freedom
• Civil Law
• Resolve Disputes
• Case Law
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Police Roles & Functions
•
•
•
•
•
Law Enforcement
Order Maintenance
Investigate Crime
Make Arrests
Crime in Progress
Serve Warrants
Interrogate Suspects
• Investigate People
• Investigate Suspicious
Situations
• Break up Fights
• Domestic Disturbances
• Public Disorders
Miscellaneous Service Convenience Norms
• Stranded or Lost Motorists • Traffic Accidents
• Medical Services
• Issue Parking Tickets
• Lost Children
• Direct Traffic
• Provide Information
• Suggest Road Changes
• Assist Lock-outs
• Issue Traffic Citations
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Expenditures by
Function
Source: BJS; Justice Expenditure and Employment Extracts.
Note: Does not include intergovernmental expenditures such as Federal grants, but these dollars are included as direct
expenditures by the recipient government when they are spent for slares, supplies, and so on.
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Police Calls for Service
Wilson
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
38
30
22
10
Order
Enforcement Maintenance
Law
Information
Gathering
Service
Percentage
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Police Activities
Police Services Study
40
38
35
30
25
22
22
20
18
15
Percen
t
10
5
0
Crime
Disorder Traffic
Service
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Police Activities
Minneapolis Study
35
32
30
30
25
20
19
19
Percent
15
10
5
0
Crime
Conflict
Traffic
Service
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Police Activities
Wilmington Study
50
50
45
40
35
30
25
Percen
t
21
20
16
15
12
10
5
0
Crime
Order
Traffic
Service
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Employment by State and
Local Law Enforcement Agencies
in the United States
600,000
531,495
500,000
400,000
300,000
263,427
Employees
200,000
82,261
100,000
0
Local
Police
Sheriffs
State
Police
61,022
Special
Police
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Federal
Law Enforcement Agencies
Treasury
Justice
Department
Department
• Bureau of Alcohol,
Tobacco & Firearms
• Internal Revenue
Service
• U.S. Customs &
Border Protection
• U.S. Secret Service
• Federal Bureau of
Investigation
• Drug Enforcement
Administration
• U.S. Marshal
Service
• Immigration &
Naturalization
Service
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