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The Great Rivalry The Parliamentary World • Prestigious • Important • Fun Shared Liberal Principles • Political liberty • Economic liberty • National liberty Shared Conservative Principles • Liberals: reform should be slow • Conservatives: accept change that’s occurred Liberal Party Factions • Whigs • Radicals • Peelites Conservative Party Factions • Anglican Church supporters • Traditional Tory squires • Former Liberal industrialists Disraeli • Born a Jew • Serious wit • Novelist Dizzy as PM in 1874 • • • • Pure Food and Drug Act Slum Clearance Act Consolidated Factory and Health Acts “Tory Democracy” Gladstone • • • • • Scottish father Began as Tory Deeply religious Extraordinary physical energy Very long career Gladstone’s Liberal Development • • • • Tariff reformer Interest in national European liberty Streamlines budget Gradual belief in democracy Midlothian Campaign