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Inter-American Drug Abuse
Control Commission (CICAD)
Organization of American States
James F. Mack, Executive Secretary
[email protected]
www.cicad.oas.org
CICAD:
• An agency of the OAS created in 1986 to
to reduce the production, trafficking and
use and abuse of drugs in the Americas
• The Commission, made up of
representatives of 34 OAS member states,
is the forum for hemispheric-level
discussion & action on drug issues
• A full-time staff of approx. 40 who plan &
carry out technical assistance projects
GREAT DIVERSITY OF EXPERTISE
• CICAD Commissioners, who provide policy
•
guidance to permanent staff, are very senior
officials from Ministries of Justice, Home Affairs,
Health, Police, Treasury, Education and Social
Welfare.
In-depth expertise of CICAD staff equally wideranging: e.g., money laundering & arms control,
health & psychology, education, statistics &
research, legal cooperation & development, law
enforcement, education and professional
development.
What CICAD does
• Provides broad array of technical & financial
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assistance to raise standards and improve
countries’ capacity to deal with drug problem
Devotes more than 50% of its funds to training
of human resources
Serves as “test bed” for innovative pilot projects
to see whether they work in different
environments
Conducts multi-country programs that share
experiences and build trust & confidence among
peers working on a difficult & dangerous
problem
CICAD is not:
• A real time intelligence or law
enforcement agency -- but it does
conduct specialized training courses for
law enforcement & intelligence personnel
• A funding agency – but it does carry out
projects in partnership with countries
CURRENT CICAD PROGRAMS
• Substance abuse prevention and treatment
• Supply reduction and control
• Capacity- and institution-building for national drug
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commissions
Statistics, information and research
Money laundering control
Legal development & cooperation (including arms control
& anti-corruption measures)
Multilateral Evaluation Mechanism (MEM)
Alternative development
Professional education
CICAD INITIATIVES
• Introducing substance abuse prevention issues
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into the curricula of Schools of Nursing,
Medicine, Education, & helping secondary
schools organize drug prevention programs for
students
Culture of lawfulness training for high school
teachers
Violence prevention, social services and
rehabilitation for gang members involved in drug
dealing
CICAD INITIATIVES (contd.)
• Developing a standardized methodology for
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determining the cost of drugs to society
Peer review, by all countries, of their progress in
dealing with all aspects of the drug problem (the
Multilateral Evaluation Mechanism– MEM)
Developing long-range plans for investment in
profitable alternatives to cultivation of coca and
opium poppy
CICAD INITIATIVES (contd.)
• Training judges, public prosecutors, police,
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private banking associations and attorneys to
deal with money laundering offenses
Developing effective alternatives to incarceration
for minor drug offenders (drug courts,
community service, treatment and rehab. for
addicts)
Substance abuse counselling and treatment for
addicted prisoners
The Multilateral
Evaluation Mechanism (MEM)
• Created in 1999 as a diagnostic tool to carry out an
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objective, transparent and multilateral evaluation of
progress made by each CICAD member state – and the
Hemisphere as a whole – in dealing with all aspects of
the drug problem.
A hemispheric response to the unilateral U.S.
Certification process required by Congress.
Assists countries in generating internal support for their
counter drug effort
Has had a positive impact in improving the capacity of
member states to deal with the drug problem
– 90% of 1st Round Recommendations have been
implemented
– 66% of 2nd Recommendations have been
implemented
The Multilateral
Evaluation Mechanism (MEM)
• Offers the countries an opportunity to request technical,
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financial or training assistance to implement assigned
recommendations
Evaluations are performed by experts of each member
state (Governmental Expert Group – GEG). Experts
participate in the evaluation of every country, with the
exception of their own.
2 year evaluation cycle:
– 1st year: each country is evaluated and specific
recommendations are made (approved by CICAD Commission);
– 2nd year: progress in implementing recommendations is
evaluated.
• Evaluation based on a questionnaire of indicators
designed by and periodically updated by the member
states.
NEW APPROACHES
• Encouraging countries to decentralize their
drug control policies and programs to the
state, province or city level, & training
local officials
• Greater use of on-line education &
information technology
• Building co-funding partnerships with
member states for needed programs
ADVANTAGES OF WORKING
WITH CICAD
• Flexible, fast turnaround, very low overhead
• Efficient, minimum bureaucratic obstacles
• Staff has excellent rapport with partners in
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country
Counterparts feel they have ownership of the
programs
Model regulations & policy documents are solid
and the product of consensus
ADVANTAGES OF WORKING
WITH CICAD
• Oracle accounting system is transparent
and can generate customized reports
• Accounts are audited by an external firm
of CPAs, which reports to an independent
board of external auditors
• Internal audits are conducted by the
Inspector General, who reports to the
Secretary General
CICAD’s funding
• In 2004, 15% (US$2.08 million) of CICAD’s total
budget came from the OAS central budget; the
remaining 85% (US$11.79 million) came from
external funding.
• Estimated income for 2005 is US$8.4 million, of
which 76.2% needs to come from donor states &
institutions that fund specific projects or programs.
• CICAD has forged strategic alliances with other
organizations such as the IADB, the Lions Club
International Foundation, and the United Nations to
carry out specific programs.
• CICAD also encourages the concept of horizontal
cooperation and the sharing of “best practices”
among Member states.
CICAD’s funding (contd.)
Major donors of earmarked funds are:
• United States
• Canada
• Spain
• France
• Inter-American Development Bank
• United Kingdom
• Mexico
• Japan
Inter-American Drug Abuse
Control Commission (CICAD)
Organization of American States
James F. Mack, Executive Secretary
[email protected]
www.cicad.oas.org