Download Chem Test 1 Study Guide Overview

Study Guide Overview
Vocabulary:
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Matter
Volume
Celsius scale
Measurement
Mass
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Weight
Organic chemistry
Chemistry
Temperature
International
System of Units
(SI)
Rules of Rounding
When rounding to a certain place value (ex: the
tenth) look at the next digit.
48.46
 48.5
• If that digit is 0-4 then leave the number the
same.
• If that digit is 5 or higher then round the
number up one.
Prefix Meanings
Numeric Values
kilo 1000
hecto 100
deka 10
deci 0.1
centi 0.01
milli 0.001
Temperature Conversions
5/9(F-32)
=
(F-32)
1.8
9/5(C) + 32 = 1.8(C) + 32
Scientific Notation
Only one digit to the left of the decimal
Digit must be equal to or greater than one and less
than 10
mx
n
10
m is the coefficient and n is the exponent
5.67 x
8
10
Significant Figures Calculations
Preform the operation and round to the correct significant figure
Multiplying and dividing, limit and round to the
least number of significant figures.
Ex: 23.0 x 432 x 19 = 188 784
19 only has 2 significant figures so round answer to 2
significant figures
Answer: 190 000
Adding and subtracting, limit and round your
answer to the least place value.
Ex: 123.25 + 46.0 + 86.257 = 255.507
46.0 is only to the tenths place value so round
answer to the tenths place
Answer: 255.5
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426 970 831 527 839.062 927 148
Ones 9
Hundreds 8
Tenths 0
Thousandths 2
What digit is in the tenths place?
76.5
5
564.92
9
What digit is in the hundredths place?
38.1238
0.28
2
8
What digit is in the tens place?
382.302
8
4736.02
3
What digit is in the thousands
place?
41000
816 214 983
1
4
What digit is in the thousandths
place?
439.016
6
564.9287
8
Convert Using Metric to English
Conversion Sheet
16 in = 16 x 2.54 = 40.64 cm
62 acres = 62 x 0.40 = 24.80 hectares
57 lb = 57 x 4.45 =253.65 N
Convert Within the Metric System
18 km = 18000 m
496.87 kg = 496870000 mg
0.2 cm = 0.002 m
Convert the Temperature
87 °F = 5/9(87-32) = 5/9(55) = 30.6 °C
-13 °F = 5/9(-13-32) = 5/9(-45) = -25 °C
14 °C = 9/5(14) + 32 = 25.2 + 32 = 57.2 °F
73 °C = 9/5(73) + 32 = 131.4 + 32 = 163.4 °F
Write following in scientific notation
10 = 1 x 101
4829300000 = 4.8293 x
9
10
0.001 = 1 x 10-3
0.00002341 = 2.341 x 10-5
Write in standard notation
1.562 x 106 = 1562000
4.59 x 104 = 45900
5.69 x 10-2 = 0.0569
7.32 x 10-5 = 0.0000732
Add and Subtract Scientific notation
(1.42 x 104) + (7.105 x 105) =
(0.142 x 105) + (7.105 x 105) =
(0.142 + 7.105) x 105 = 7.247 x 105
(1.41 x 10-3) – (1.31 x 10-4) =
(1.41 x 10-3) – (0.131 x 10-3) =
(1.41-0.131) x 10-3 = 1.279 x 10-3
Multiply in scientific notation
4
10 )(8.0
5
10 )
-1
10 )(7.2
5
10 )
(6.0 x
x
=
4+5
9
(6.0 x 8.0) x 10 = 48 x 10
(3.1 x
x
=
-1+5
4
(3.1 x 7.2) x 10 = 22.32 x 10
Divide in scientific notation
(2.4 x
÷ (3.5 x
=
(2.4 ÷ 3.5) x 107-9 = 0.69 x 10-2
7
10 )
9
10 )
= 6.9 x 10-3
-1
10 )
-3
10 )
(9.0 x
÷ (3.0 x
=
(9.0 ÷ 3.0) x 10-1-(-3) = 3.0 x 102
Significant Figures
1234
780.0
0.0001
-2
9.010 x 10
4
4
1
4
Solve and round to proper sig. fig.
12.037 – 3.93 = 8.107 = 8.11
6.79 + 1.1 = 7.89 = 7.9
0.059 x 36.524 x 3006 = 6477.6774 = 6500
500 ÷ 84.12 = 5.9438896 = 6