Download Urban and Regional Development and Management Status

Urban and Regional Development
and Management Status in Nepal
(an Country Report)
Rabi Shah,
Division Chief,
Department of Urban Development and
Building Construction,
Division Office, Kavre, Nepal.
General Description of Nepal
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Physical
Administrative
Political
Economic
Language and religion
General Description of Nepal
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Landlocked Himalayan country, situated between the
People’s Republic of China to the north and India to
the east, west and south.
The total area of Nepal is 147,181 sq. km with the
altitudes ranging from than 61 meters in the south to
8848 meters high in the north.
Total population of the country is 24.2 million (urban
15%), average density 157 person/sq.km.
Population growth rate 2.25% annually.
Estimated GDP per capita for the year 2004/2005 is
about US $ 300.
Location
General Description of Nepal
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Mountain region: Ranging from 3000m and
above, this region covers 35% of the total
area of the country and 7.5% of the
population live in this region.
Hill Region: Hill region covers 42.0% of the
area and 44.5% of the people are living there
in.
Terai Region: It is the plain area situated in
the southern part of the country which covers
23% of the total area and 48% of the
population lives in this region.
General Description of Nepal
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Administratively, Nepal is divided into 5 Development Regions
:14 zones, 75 districts, 58 municipalities & 3195 villages
General Description of Nepal
General Description of Nepal
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predominantly an agricultural country (40%
income & employment generation)
30.85% of the population living below the poverty
line (Second Living Standards Survey 2003-04).
Per capita income is 322 US $.
Average life expectancy is 63years.
Literacy rate is 54.1 percent
Annual population growth is 2.25% (Population
census, 2001)
Planning history
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The concept of regional development was
introduced in 3rd V year plan (1965-1970)
and was recognized by 4th V year plan
(1970-1975)
9th & 10th V year plan (1997-2003, 20032008)) recognizes different sectoral polices
on urban development.
Planning History
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Formation of National Level Planning Commission
(NPC): responsible for National level plans and
programs.
Formation of regional level Planning Section for
regional level plans & programs.
District Administrative plan 1975
Establishment of Town Planning office, 1962: (prepared
Kathmandu Valley Physical Development Plan 1969)
Promulgation of Land Acquisition Act 1962
Promulgation of town planning Implementation Act
1975
Organizational Setup
Ministry of Physical Planning & Works
(MHPP)
DoR
Research &
Training
Dept. of Urban Development
& Building Construction
(DUDBC)
25 division
offices
DoWSS
Special
Division
Town Development Committee
(TDC)
Role of DUDBC
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Construction & Maintenance of Govt. Buildings
Plan & Implement Urban development works:
New Town Planning, Urban infrastructure etc
R&D in building materials/technology & urban
development
Technical support to municipalities in urban field
Formulate plan & programs for TDCs &
implement
Implement NBC and Apartment Act
Role of TDCs
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Provide planning permit
Implement bye laws and land use plan
Develop urban development works on TDCs
area
Development Trend & Issues
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Uneven population distribution
Uneven resource distribution: geographical
diversities, politics, connectivity and regional
disparities
Increase gap between urban & poor
Low urbanization & agrarian economy
Social acceptances
Long processes
Planning Process
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In the past TOP-DOWN approach
Now on request of local bodies on
participatory approach
DUDBC prepares:
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Land use Plan, Zoning plan-approval from central
Government
Bye laws – Local Government
Available Acts, Rules and Regulation
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Town Development Act 1988
Municipal Act 1992
Environment Protection Act 1996
Local Self Governance Act 1999
Apartment Act 2056 (2000)
Ancient Monument Act 2056 (2000)
Decentralization Act 1982
National Building Code 2055 (1999)
Shelter Policy 1996
Sectoral Polices (9th V year Plan)
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Urban Development & Land Use
Environment Improvement
Decentralization and Strengthening local
governance
Local Development
NGOs involvement
Poverty alleviation
Urban Sector Institutions
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Central level: MLD, MPPW/DUDBC
MPPW- works at local level for urban development
and management
Participatory approach and collaboration with
municipalities
MLD- line ministry
MPPW/DUDBC (lot of technical expertise) has
functionally linked (LSGA) with MLD through
municipalities
Recommendations
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Capacity Building at local level
Research & Development in Urban
Development field
Political Commitment
Regular monitoring and evaluation