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INDIA
Country Facts
by
Murali Konch
International Business
Fall 2002 GGU
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Introduction
Geography
Country Facts
Culture
History
INDIA
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Gateway of India
Resources
Economic Profile
Software Industry
FDI & Business Environment
The Future
Country Facts
INDIA
Area
One third of USA
Home of 16 per cent of world’s
population
Climate :
Hot tropical weather
with variations from
region to region
Capital
New Delhi
Population (2002
est.):
1,045,845,226
Major Rivers
Indus
Ganga
Yamuna
Brahmaputra
Godavari
Narmada
Kaveri
Meenakshi Temple at Tamil Nadu
which has a hall of 1000 pillars
Country Facts cont…
Largest Cities
Mumbai
Kolkata
Chennai
Hyderabad
Bangalore
Religions
Hindu
82.8%
Islam
11.3%
Christian
2.4%
Sikh
2.0%
Buddhists
0.71%
Infosys’s (India’s No1 Software development Company)
one of the Development Centers
Country Facts cont…
Languages
Hindi (official)
Population
Details…
English (official)
Bengali
Gujarati
Kannada
Population
growth rate
1.51%
Birth rate
23.8 per 1000
population
Malayalam
Infant
Mortality rate
61.5 per 1000
population
Oriya
Literacy rate
65.38% in 2001
Kashmiri
Marathi
Panjabi
Tamil
Telugu
Urdu
Sindhi
Marine Drive Mumbai
Sanskrit
Culture
Culture has been defined in numerous ways and the one accepted by
majority of modern scientists defines it as `that complex whole which
includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom and any other
capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of the society.
Sardar Panikkar identifies what he calls, `Outstanding Facts of Indian
Culture'. These are:
1) Tradition of tolerance, adding to the richness and variety of Indian life
2) Sense of synthesis reflected in racial harmony, the primary institutions
of the village and the family, sculpture, architecture, music and painting,
modes of worship, faith in democratic institutions etc.
3) Universal outlook as reflected in views such as `The world is one family,
`the world is one nest'
4) Philosophical outlook with its basis in the belief in the unity of creation.
5) Respect for the individual based on the philosophical equation of
the soul and the Oversoul.
Odissi Dance
History & Government
Nonviolent struggle for Independence under the leadership of
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi ( 1869-1948)
Jawaharlal Nehru (1889-1964),
 1947 India gained Independence from Britain
 Largest secular parliamentarian democracy of the world
 1947-1964 1st Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru
 1966-1984 PM Indira Gandhi was killed by two Sikhs in her bodyguard
 1984-1989 PM Rajiv Gandhi was killed by a suicide bomber
 1991-1996 PM P.V. Narasimha Rao brought many industries (especially computer
and high-tech)
1996-1997 PM Deve Gowda
1998-till date Shri Vajpayee is Prime Minister
 Since independence, India and Pakistan have fought three wars over “Kashmir”
 Sept 16, 2002 Elections were conducted in J&K
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Shazahan built Taj Mahal in memory of his wife Mumtaj mahal
Mysore Palace
Resources
Natural Resources: Coal (fourth-largest reserves in the world),
iron ore, manganese, mica, bauxite, titanium
ore, chromite, natural gas, diamonds, petroleum,
limestone, arable land
Gold, silver, and diamonds make up a small part of other
natural resources available in India
Arable Land:
54%
permanent crops: 1%
permanent pastures: 4%
forests and woodland: 23%
other: 16% (1993 est.)
Irrigated land:
480,000 sq km (1993 est.)
Economic Profile
Economy
GDP
$2.5 trillion (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth
rate
5% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita
$2,500 (2001 est.)
Inflation rate
3.5% (2000 est.)
Labor force
4.6 million (1999)
Agriculture – 67%
Services – 18%
Industry – 15%
Unemployment rate
4.4% (1999)
Worli Sea face Mumbai
Industrial production
growth rate
4.3% (2001 est.)
Economic Profile ….
Imports and Exports
Industries
Textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel, transportation
equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery
Agricultural products
Rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, potatoes; cattle,
water buffalo, sheep, goats, poultry; fish
Exports
$44.5 billion (f.o.b., 2001)
Export Commodities
Textile goods, gems and jewelry, engineering goods, chemicals,
leather manufactures
Export partners
US 22.8%, Hong Kong 5.8%, Japan 5.3%, UK 5.3%, Germany
4.6% (2000)
Imports
$53.8 billion (f.o.b., 2001)
Import Commodities
Crude oil, machinery, gems, fertilizer, chemicals
Import partners
Benelux 8.5%, US 8%, UK 6.2%, Japan 5.7%, Saudi Arabia
4.6% (2000)
Economic aid received
$2.9 billion (FY98/99)
Currency
Indian Rupee; $1 = Rs.48.33 (Jan 2002)
Software Industry
Indian IT Software and Services
Industry (Figures in US$ Billion)
India is best positioned for cross border
IT services
Indian software industry is expected to gross $87 billion in 2008,
with $50 billion coming from exports!
FDI
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India welcomes foreign investment in virtually all sectors
except defense, railway transport and atomic energy
India has formulated a sectoral FDI policy
Key Sectors for FDI
Bio-Technology
Civil Aviation
Electronics and Information
Technology
Entertainment Industry
Food Processing
Insurance Banking and Financial Markets
Ports
Power
Roads
Telecommunications
Drugs and Pharmaceuticals
E-Business
Ports
Power
Mining
Urban Infrastructure Housing
Tourism
FDI cont…
 FDI Inflows cross US$ 4 Billion in 2001-2002
 India's most valuable resource, its technologically capable Englishspeaking workforce, can position India as the services hub of the world.
 One of the best examples is GE which was able to cut costs by
outsourcing to India.
 Banks, insurance companies and mutual funds can save money by
shifting their back-office work to India.
NEWS
Wipro-Microsoft combine can take on IBM: Bill Gates
 India can be manufacturing hub too, says Gates
Microsoft chairman and chief software architect Bill Gates commended India to turn into a
manufacturing hub as it had the required skills, low-cost labor, good sense of technology,
and advanced software expertise