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Chapter 14 Unit 4 & Unit 5 The British Isles (pages 305-309 ) England – Thames River England - Parliament England - Stonehenge Scotland Ireland British Slang ► Loo – toilet ► Bog Roll – toilet paper ► Bobby – police man ► Barney Rubble – trouble ► Cheerio – goodbye ► Muffler – scarf ► Frock – best dress History of the British Isles ► Republic of Ireland ► United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland England, Wales, Scotland, N. Ireland ► Settled by the Celts, Scots, Welsh, Irish, Angles, & Saxons – Sequence Occupance Culture of the British Isles ► ► ► ► ► Social life centers around local eateries Sports – soccer, rugby, & cricket Lang. – English, Irish Gaelic, & Scottish Gaelic Gov’t – Ireland is a republic, Britain is a constitutional monarchy Religion – Ireland (Roman Catholic), UK (Protestant) Economy of British Isles ► In the 1700’s Britain was the center of the Industrial Revolution. Britain has the world’s first textile factories, railroads, & subways. ► After WWII Britain’s economy declined, forcing the gov’t to nationalize many industries. ► Today, most industries have returned to private ownership. ► Ireland’s economy was based on farming. Today they are branching out into banking, computers, electronics, & food processing. Issues & Challenges for the British Isles ► Violence Ireland in Northern The Catholics in N. Ireland want to join the country with Ireland to protect them against discrimination. The Protestants want to remain part of the UK. France (pages 311 – 314) France – History/Culture ► Early peoples – Gauls, Romans, Franks, & Vikings ► Lang. – French ► Religion – 90% Roman Catholic ► Capital & Primate City = Paris ► In the past France was a great ally of the U.S., but today the French worry about the spread of American influence into their culture. France - Economy ► Diversified ► Work week = 35 hours, Vacation = 1 month ► Known for fashion, perfume, cosmetics, jewelry, furniture, & tourism ► France is second only to the U.S. in agricultural exports (wheat, beets, wine, olives, grapes, & dairy products) France – Issues & Challenges ► Gov’ts control over the economy. Many industries are gov’t-owned. Hurts innovation Privatization – when state-run businesses and are turned over to private owners The Benelux Countries (pages 315-317) The Netherlands Belgium Luxembourg The Benelux Countries – Culture ► Netherlands means “low lands.” Using a dike & polder system they have been able to reclaim land from the sea. ► Lang. = Netherlands (Dutch), Belgium (Dutch, French, Flemish), Luxembourg (German, Dutch, & Luxembourgian) European Union – EU ► Was started by the Benelux countries in 1957, but was called the European Economic Community (EEC) ► In 1993, the EU was created. The organization creates an economic alliance amongst its members & drops trade barriers. ► It also cooperates on issues such as trade, lawmaking, & social issues. ► Monetary Unit = euro ► Headquarters = Brussels, Belgium The Benelux Countries - Economy ► Belgium – known for diamond cutting, quality carpets, & chocolate ► The Netherlands – Dairy products, tulips, perfumes ► Luxembourg – steel & international banking (has the world’s highest per capita GDP = $34, 200) Scandinavia Oslo, Norway Copenhagen, Denmark Helsinki, Finland Stockholm, Sweden Scandinavia - Culture ► ► ► ► ► Denmark, Sweden, Norway, & Finland Religion – Protestant Lutheran Lang. = Finnish, Danish, Swedish, Norwegian Gov’t = Democracies Most people live in the southern parts of the countries near their capitals Sweden ► Has high taxed that pay for a large system of gov’t welfare and services. Gov’t pays for almost all of the educational, medical, and childcare needs of its citizens. National Health Insurance Parents can share 1year of paid leave from work to raise children. Iceland & Greenland ► 85% is uninhabitable ► Greenland was settled by the Vikings ► Iceland is greener due to geysers Iceland Greenland Greenland