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UNICEF’s contribution to the reform Perspectives on child protection Dita Reichenberg, Regional Advisor, Child Protection, CEE/CIS Overview • Progress of reforms and challenges in South East Europe • Situation of children • A way forward • Role of international organizations UNICEF Regional office CEE/CIS 2 Progress of the reform in SEE, • Policy & vision for the refrom: decentralization, pluralism, deinstitutionalization, continuum of services; • Legislative changes: Rights of children, continuum to address risk rather than « groups » • Continuum of services: Family support, family substitute • Plurality of service providers: public & private • Gatekeeping: new statutory services, standards, licensing and inspections • Decentralization: Planning and management of services and welfare functions • Deinstitutionalization: closing down & transformation of residential institutions • Cash assistance: better targetting and linking to social service provision UNICEF Regional office CEE/CIS 3 Child care trend – the good news! Institutions Rate per 100,000 450 Foster/Guardianship 400 350 300 250 200 150 2001 2002 2003 2004 See country profiles for source details. Analysis based on data from 8 countries, excluding Serbia and Kosovo. Data for Montenegro, which is available for 2000, 2002 and 2004 only has extrapolated to the following missing years. UNICEF Regional office CEE/CIS 4 Child care trend – concerns! Institutions 700 Foster/guardianship care Rate per 100,000 600 500 16% 24% 30% 37% 41% 400 300 84% 76% 70% 200 63% 59% 100 0 2000 UNICEF Regional office CEE/CIS 2001 2002 2003 2004 5 Economic growth –the good news! GDP per capita index, costant PPP $ 12,000 10,000 8,000 Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria 6,000 Croatia Macedonia, FYR 4,000 Romania 2,000 UNICEF Regional office CEE/CIS 04 20 03 20 02 20 01 20 00 20 99 19 98 19 97 19 96 19 95 19 94 19 93 19 92 19 91 19 19 90 0 6 620 8500 8000 600 7500 580 7000 560 6500 2001 UNICEF Regional office CEE/CIS 2002 2003 Average GDP (in current PPP $) Formal Care (rates per 100,000) Economic growth – but not for welfare of children! 2004 8 Making child rights central! Budget Allocations and funding Accountability Governance and decentralization UNICEF Regional office CEE/CIS Statutory Services Social services: Family support & family based substitute 9 The continuum of services Closure & reintegration Prevention Case review Provisions UNICEF Regional office CEE/CIS Early Identification Assessement & registration Referral & Service Purchasing 10 The continuum of services Family support services Closure & reintegration Prevention Statutory services Case review Family substitute / family support services UNICEF Regional office CEE/CIS Provisions Early Identification Assessement & registration Statutory services Referral & Service Purchasing Statutory services 11