Download describing trends

DESCRIBING
TRENDS
1. The graph shows the fluctuation in the
number of people at a London underground
station over the course of a day.
Source:http://writefix.com/?page_id=202
• The busiest time of the day is in the morning.
There is a sharp increase between 06:00 and
08:00, with 400 people using the station at 8
o'clock. After this the numbers drop quickly to
less than 200 at 10 o'clock. Between 11 am and
3 pm the number rises, with a plateau of just
under 300 people using the station.
• In the afternoon, numbers decline, with less
than 100 using the station at 4 pm. There is
then a rapid rise to a peak of 380 at 6pm.
After 7 pm, numbers fall significantly, with
only a slight increase again at 8pm, tailing
off after 9 pm.
• Overall, the graph shows that the station is
most crowded in the early morning and
early evening periods.
ADJECTIVE + NOUN
There was a slight fall.
There
was a
sharp
rise.
There was a dramatic
fall.
It showed
a lot
of
fluctuation.
…followed by stabilisation
There was a slow increase.
VERB + ADVERB
It fell slightly.
It rose
sharply.
It fell dramatically.
It levelled off.
It increased slowly.
It fluctuated
significantly.
DIFFERENT VERBS
It skyrocketed.
It slipped.
It soared.
It sank.
It plummeted.
It levelled off.
It rallied.
It bottomed out.
NOUNS
SORT OUT:
a rise an upsurge a decline a fall an increase
a decrease a drop an upturn a downturn
There was a(n)…
ADJECTIVES
SORT OUT:
sharp, slight, dramatic, steep, slow, rapid,
significant, gradual,sudden, gentle, substantial,
considerable
MORE INTENSITY IN CHANGE
LESS INTENSITY IN CHANGE
ADJECTIVES→ADVERBS
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
rapid
quick
slight
moderate
dramatic
considerable
substantial
gradual
steady
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
rapidly
quickly
slightly
moderately
dramatically
considerably
substantially
gradually
steadily
ADJECTIVE OR ADVERB?
• There was a __________fall.
• It fell _____________.
• There was a ____________upturn.
• The government decreased taxes ________.
• They reported a ___________ downturn.
TRANSLATE USING
‘RISE’ OR ‘RAISE’
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Cijene rastu svaki dan.
Cijene su narasle.
Vlasnik često povisuje cijenu.
Vlasnik je povisio cijenu.
Prices rise every day.
Prices rose. (Prices have risen.)
The owner often raises the price.
The owner raised the price.
INTRANSITIVE
TRANSITIVE
He raised the prices.
Prices rise.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
• TO BOOST THE
ECONOMY
RISE
GROW
JUMP
RALLY
FALL
DECLINE
PLUMMET
SLUMP
INCREASE
DECREASE
Unemployment figures
fell.
• TO SLASH TAXES
• TO BRING DOWN
PRICES
Time to lower the prices.
DRAW THESE SENTENCES USING ARROWS.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
The American economy picked up in the first quarter.
The price of oil topped out for the year.
Gold prices plummet in South Africa.
Pharmaxis shares plunge 52 per cent.
India’s GDP bottomed out.
Shares rally on Spanish auction.
Bay Area home prices soar in buyer bidding wars.
Pick up = to improve in condition or activity
Rally = a sudden rise in stock prices
Plummet = to fall or drop straight down at high speed.
Soar = to increase to a high level in a very short time
Plunge = to fall a long way in a short time.
PREPOSITIONS
1) Retail sales rose _____$1m _____$2m.
2) The index increased ____5% (from 10 to 15%)
3) The index increased ____5% (from 2%).
4) The company recorded a decrease _____5%.
5) The company expects a 5% increase
____sales.
6) Sales stood ____$1 m ____1998.
PREPOSITIONS
1) Retail sales rose from $1m to $2m.
2) The index increased by 5% (from 10 to 15%)
3) The index increased to 5% (from 2%).
4) The company recorded a decrease of 5%.
5) The company expects a 5% increase in sales.
6) Sales stood at $1 m in 1998.
TRANSLATE THE SENTENCES IN ENGLISH.
1. Cijene su lagano narasle.
2. Vrijednost dionice je neznatno pala.
3. Kamatne stope su znatno porasle.
4. Cijene nekretnina su jako pale.
5. Vrijednost dionice je dosegla najnižu točku.
6. Cijena nafte se stabilizirala.
7. Prošle godine je cijena nafte dosegla najveću
vrijednost ikad.
• MK P. 88 A FINANCIAL NEWS REPORT
• MK P. 89 VOCABULARY
• HANDOUT (EXERCISES)