Inflation in Developing Asia: Demand-Pull or Cost-Push?
... the effects of even the smallest demand and supply shocks. Financial speculation may exacerbate temporary short-lived price spikes and thus contribute to increased volatility. Food prices have increased sharply since 2007, particularly the prices of rice, palm oil, and wheat. They rose by 62%, 94%, ...
... the effects of even the smallest demand and supply shocks. Financial speculation may exacerbate temporary short-lived price spikes and thus contribute to increased volatility. Food prices have increased sharply since 2007, particularly the prices of rice, palm oil, and wheat. They rose by 62%, 94%, ...
commodity price fluctuations and macro - unu-wider
... the profits of producers in the primary sector may not be matched by a rise in their expenditure (a feature particularly noticed through the vast accumulation of financial assets by oil producers following the sharp rise in oil prices of the 1970s), and partly because the governments of most develop ...
... the profits of producers in the primary sector may not be matched by a rise in their expenditure (a feature particularly noticed through the vast accumulation of financial assets by oil producers following the sharp rise in oil prices of the 1970s), and partly because the governments of most develop ...
DP2001/06 How much do import price shocks matter for consumer prices? Tim Hampton
... of consumption. It is possible that the import price shock may result in a relative price change and not necessarily a levels shift in the overall consumer price index. For example, if the import price increase occurred without a compensating change in nominal income (via higher export prices), the ...
... of consumption. It is possible that the import price shock may result in a relative price change and not necessarily a levels shift in the overall consumer price index. For example, if the import price increase occurred without a compensating change in nominal income (via higher export prices), the ...
Demand from China: Fact or Fiction?
... It is commonly assumed that China’s rapid economic growth has resulted in its having an increased demand for and consumption of world commodities, and that this increased consumption by China has driven up global commodity prices. This report shows that the inverse is true. China’s rapid growth come ...
... It is commonly assumed that China’s rapid economic growth has resulted in its having an increased demand for and consumption of world commodities, and that this increased consumption by China has driven up global commodity prices. This report shows that the inverse is true. China’s rapid growth come ...
Petroleum Product Subsidies: Costly, Inequitable, and Rising
... caused by their consumption. These costs include both local externalities (such as health risks due to air pollution) and the global externality of climate change. ...
... caused by their consumption. These costs include both local externalities (such as health risks due to air pollution) and the global externality of climate change. ...
Commodity prices and their role in assessing euro area growth and
... In the ten years up to 2003 emerging economies accounted for, on average, around half of global real GDP growth, while their share in the period since then has risen to four-fifths (see Chart 3). The relationship with commodity consumption can be exemplified by the case of oil. In 2003 nonOECD count ...
... In the ten years up to 2003 emerging economies accounted for, on average, around half of global real GDP growth, while their share in the period since then has risen to four-fifths (see Chart 3). The relationship with commodity consumption can be exemplified by the case of oil. In 2003 nonOECD count ...
Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences
... biodiesel; and maize, sugarcane and cassava for bioethanol. In line with Demirbas (2009) and Ma and Hanna (1999), private sector and farmers in general have played important roles in such development, inducing an increase on the demand for some food crops such as maize, cassava, sugarcane, and palm ...
... biodiesel; and maize, sugarcane and cassava for bioethanol. In line with Demirbas (2009) and Ma and Hanna (1999), private sector and farmers in general have played important roles in such development, inducing an increase on the demand for some food crops such as maize, cassava, sugarcane, and palm ...
Inflation in Developing Asia: Demand-Pull or Cost
... external shocks are solely to blame for the region’s current inflation woes, it also reveals that those shocks have played a supportive role. Excess aggregate demand growth may have kindled the flames in the first place, but commodity shocks are adding fuel to the fire. They are likely to add ...
... external shocks are solely to blame for the region’s current inflation woes, it also reveals that those shocks have played a supportive role. Excess aggregate demand growth may have kindled the flames in the first place, but commodity shocks are adding fuel to the fire. They are likely to add ...
View/Open
... elasticities are very much smaller than those given in the tabulation above. Evidently, the discrepancy between the two sets of estimates can be attributed to two causes, namely, (1) the significant upward revision of the levels of agricultural output during the early years embodied in the two sourc ...
... elasticities are very much smaller than those given in the tabulation above. Evidently, the discrepancy between the two sets of estimates can be attributed to two causes, namely, (1) the significant upward revision of the levels of agricultural output during the early years embodied in the two sourc ...
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... practices, reduced in-migration , more secure tenure institutions and stronger controls over resource use. These direct approaches are important, and without them the long-run prospects for sustainable agricultural development in slopin g uplands appear remote. However, substantial investment of fis ...
... practices, reduced in-migration , more secure tenure institutions and stronger controls over resource use. These direct approaches are important, and without them the long-run prospects for sustainable agricultural development in slopin g uplands appear remote. However, substantial investment of fis ...
The anatomy of three commodity booms
... arose from the insecurity felt about industrial materials supply, amplified by the painful experiences of the second world war that had ended only 5 years prior to the new conflict, and by the importance of South and East Asia in the proximity of the war theater, as supplier of many agricultural and m ...
... arose from the insecurity felt about industrial materials supply, amplified by the painful experiences of the second world war that had ended only 5 years prior to the new conflict, and by the importance of South and East Asia in the proximity of the war theater, as supplier of many agricultural and m ...
INFLATIONARY PRESSURES IN SOUTH ASIA
... saving ratios.1 Also, food comprises a large part of the average consumption basket and the economies depend on oil imports, making these countries vulnerable to terms of trade and other supply shocks. The region initiated liberalizing reforms in the 1990s. The reforms brought on shocks to the econo ...
... saving ratios.1 Also, food comprises a large part of the average consumption basket and the economies depend on oil imports, making these countries vulnerable to terms of trade and other supply shocks. The region initiated liberalizing reforms in the 1990s. The reforms brought on shocks to the econo ...
Impact from Changing Internal and External Conditions on Korea`s
... Meanwhile, analysis on the contribution of respective shock factors to consumer prices reveal that the ongoing disinflation since 2015 is mainly due to the changes in external factors. International oil prices slid by approx. 50% and 20% in 2015 and 2016, respectively, causing consumer prices to dro ...
... Meanwhile, analysis on the contribution of respective shock factors to consumer prices reveal that the ongoing disinflation since 2015 is mainly due to the changes in external factors. International oil prices slid by approx. 50% and 20% in 2015 and 2016, respectively, causing consumer prices to dro ...
Food prices: smallholder farmers can be part of the solution, IFAD
... étude plaide également en faveur d’un renforcement des systèmes d’information nationaux et régionaux, condition d’une action publique efficace. Food prices: smallholder farmers can be part of the solution, IFAD Report Affiliation: ...
... étude plaide également en faveur d’un renforcement des systèmes d’information nationaux et régionaux, condition d’une action publique efficace. Food prices: smallholder farmers can be part of the solution, IFAD Report Affiliation: ...
MPDD W P
... Figure 1 shows the growth rates over the period 1980-2010. There were fluctuations, but within the 0-10 per cent range except for Sri Lanka and Maldives. India and Bangladesh had the steadiest growth rates, with India overtaking other countries in the new century. For all the countries the late eigh ...
... Figure 1 shows the growth rates over the period 1980-2010. There were fluctuations, but within the 0-10 per cent range except for Sri Lanka and Maldives. India and Bangladesh had the steadiest growth rates, with India overtaking other countries in the new century. For all the countries the late eigh ...
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... ERS researchers used data from consumer expenditure surveys conducted by the Government of India in 1999/2000, 2004/05, and 2009/10 to estimate how food consumption, other measures of nutrition, and overall household expenditures changed across India as prices of staple cereals spiked. Measures of n ...
... ERS researchers used data from consumer expenditure surveys conducted by the Government of India in 1999/2000, 2004/05, and 2009/10 to estimate how food consumption, other measures of nutrition, and overall household expenditures changed across India as prices of staple cereals spiked. Measures of n ...
Nevada Agricultural Outlook, 2016
... Low interest rates have been beneficial for agricultural producers that demonstrated credit worthiness. Low short-term interest rates for annual operating expenses reduced costs of borrowing. Longer-term interest rates have also been low, benefitting producers with capital and equipment needs. As in ...
... Low interest rates have been beneficial for agricultural producers that demonstrated credit worthiness. Low short-term interest rates for annual operating expenses reduced costs of borrowing. Longer-term interest rates have also been low, benefitting producers with capital and equipment needs. As in ...
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... Vishny and Boycko have provided analysis of the reform process for these planned economies that highlights problems of policy uncertainty, timing, partial government ownership, and other factors that led to the associated economic decline. In an empirical study, Blanchard and Kremer have shown that ...
... Vishny and Boycko have provided analysis of the reform process for these planned economies that highlights problems of policy uncertainty, timing, partial government ownership, and other factors that led to the associated economic decline. In an empirical study, Blanchard and Kremer have shown that ...
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... gate value of opium cultivation was US$1 billion, but this dropped to US$730 million in 2008. The potential export value in 2007 of opium, morphine and heroin (at border prices in neighboring countries) was $4 billion (or, in per capita terms, about $160). 15 UNDP (2009) 16 Based on data from the 20 ...
... gate value of opium cultivation was US$1 billion, but this dropped to US$730 million in 2008. The potential export value in 2007 of opium, morphine and heroin (at border prices in neighboring countries) was $4 billion (or, in per capita terms, about $160). 15 UNDP (2009) 16 Based on data from the 20 ...
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... During the transition the income inequality in Poland increased. Declines in real income2 have resulted for all centrally planned economies, but the burden of these declines has not been spread equally. Real income fell in the first year after the introduction of the reforms for nearly all of the so ...
... During the transition the income inequality in Poland increased. Declines in real income2 have resulted for all centrally planned economies, but the burden of these declines has not been spread equally. Real income fell in the first year after the introduction of the reforms for nearly all of the so ...
A Growth Model of Weight Preferences, Food
... Evangelos Dioikitopoulos visit in Brown University, whose hospitality is gratefully acknowledged. We have also bene…ted from comments by participants in the seminar series of University of Connecticut, in the Conference of Macroeconomic Analysis Conference in Crete and in the 12th Conference on Rese ...
... Evangelos Dioikitopoulos visit in Brown University, whose hospitality is gratefully acknowledged. We have also bene…ted from comments by participants in the seminar series of University of Connecticut, in the Conference of Macroeconomic Analysis Conference in Crete and in the 12th Conference on Rese ...
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... considerations still dominate, as suggested by the United States imposition of an import tariff on Brazilian ethanol, which ended on December ...
... considerations still dominate, as suggested by the United States imposition of an import tariff on Brazilian ethanol, which ended on December ...
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... This study follows a gravity model approach which derived from the demand and supply functions of importing and exporting countries at the general market equilibrium conditions as reflected in Anderson and Wincoop. The model assumes a CES (Constant Elasticity of Substitution) utility function for co ...
... This study follows a gravity model approach which derived from the demand and supply functions of importing and exporting countries at the general market equilibrium conditions as reflected in Anderson and Wincoop. The model assumes a CES (Constant Elasticity of Substitution) utility function for co ...
Measuring inflation under rationing: A virtual price approach - Hal-SHS
... bread might have been cheaper that buying fodder from the state agencies.Thus, subsidises and their relative importance with respect to the market price of the good can also be used as a proxy for inadequacy of reported prices change and the real one. In the end of 70ties, in Poland the rate of subs ...
... bread might have been cheaper that buying fodder from the state agencies.Thus, subsidises and their relative importance with respect to the market price of the good can also be used as a proxy for inadequacy of reported prices change and the real one. In the end of 70ties, in Poland the rate of subs ...
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... income. However, the majority of Vietnamese are net consumers of rice, even within the rural economy. Moreover, with more than 50% of the population earning less than $2/day, vulnerability even to a small downturn in purchasing power is very high. Thus for specific segments of the population both po ...
... income. However, the majority of Vietnamese are net consumers of rice, even within the rural economy. Moreover, with more than 50% of the population earning less than $2/day, vulnerability even to a small downturn in purchasing power is very high. Thus for specific segments of the population both po ...
2007–08 world food price crisis
World food prices increased dramatically in 2007 and the 1st and 2nd quarter of 2008 creating a global crisis and causing political and economical instability and social unrest in both poor and developed nations. Although the media spotlight focused on the riots that ensued in the face of high prices, the ongoing crisis of food insecurity has been years in the making. Systemic causes for the worldwide increases in food prices continue to be the subject of debate. After peaking in the second quarter of 2008 prices fell dramatically during the Late-2000s recession but increased during 2009 and 2010, peaking again in early 2011 at a level slightly higher than the level reached in 2008. However a repeat of the crisis of 2008 is not anticipated due to ample stockpiles.Initial causes of the late-2006 price spikes included droughts in grain-producing nations and rising oil prices. Oil price increases also caused general escalations in the costs of fertilizers, food transportation, and industrial agriculture. Root causes may be the increasing use of biofuels in developed countries (see also food vs fuel), and an increasing demand for a more varied diet across the expanding middle-class populations of Asia. The Food and Agriculture Organization also raised concerns about the role of hedge funds speculating on prices leading to major shifts in prices.These factors, coupled with falling world-food stockpiles all contributed to the worldwide rise in food prices.