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Geographical Patterns for the China-EU Trade COSCO R&D Wang Peng March, 2010 E-mail: [email protected] Introduction International trade between China and EU esp. Baltic sea region Sea Way and Land bridge from China to Europe East terminals of the land bridge in China West terminals of the land bridge in Europe Obstacles along the land bridge Percentage GDP and international trade China / World China – share of the world trade value 25000 12 China exports 0.7% China imports 0.7% 1980 0.9% 1.0% Rank 26 1990 1.8% 1.5% 14 2000 3.9% 3.4% 10 2005 9.1 8.4 2006 7.5 % 8% 6.3 % 6.4 % 3 3 bln RMB 1970 10.1 10 20000 15000 20940.7 10.7 10.2 10 18232.1 15987.7 8.3 8 13582.3 12033.3 10965.5 9921.5 6 10000 4 5000 2 1854.8 451.8 0 0 1980 1990 2000 2001 2002 GDP value 2003 2004 2005 2006 GDP growth 1980 bn USD Percent of world 1991 bn USD Percent of world 2000 bn USD Percent of world 2005 bn USD Percent of world China 2016 1.84 3766 1.69 10799 3.45 22257 5.0 USA 27190 24.76 57109 25.62 98828 31.54 124870 28.2 55145 24.34 59035 18.84 93976 23.1 Euro Japan 10592 9.68 34022 15.26 46771 14.93 46723 10.5 India 1864 1.7 2515 1.13 4794 1.53 7492 1.69 5421 2.43 2511 0.8 6243 1.43 222884 100 313369 100 444330 100 Russia World 109394 100 Major Chinese ports in 2008 (over 100ml tons) 100ml tons Imbalance: Much larger cargo flow from China to EU 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 -50 -100 -150 -200 import export imbalance 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Comparison of the International Trade between China and some Baltic countries Trade between China and some EU countries export import Russia Lithuania Sweden Russia Lithuania Sweden 35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 Comparison of the International Trade between China and some Baltic countries —— the first half of 2009 11892 9590 10974 7410 1st half of 2008 1st half of 2009 import Russia 20 11 Lithuania Russia Lithuania export Sweden 2620 2424 2315 1882425 296 Sweden 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 Unit: million US $ 二、拓展亚欧大陆桥西段 Sea way from China to EU Hamburg Present Europe-Asia Continental Land Bridge Trans Siberian Railway Moscow Manzhouli Dalian Tianjin Qingdao Lianyungang Vostochny Pusan Present Europe-Asia Continental Land Bridge Trans Siberian railway: - from Vostochny to the border of Finland, 11 days, high rate, busy infrastructure China to mid-Asia countries: - from Qingdao, Lianyungang, Rizhao to five mid-Asia countries (Kazakhstan, uzbekistan, kyrgyzstan, tajikistan, turkmenistan). Present Europe-Asia Continental Land Bridge Some progress in China: 9th, Oct. 2007, the first container train started from Lianyungang, arrived at Moscow 15 days later. “Lianyungang——Moscow” international railway container train, 8301 km, 16 days, from China, through Kazakhstan, to Moscow (20 days less than the sea way, 10 days less than Siberian way). Cost 500-800 USD less per container. Present Europe-Asia Continental Land Bridge Some progress in China: 25th, Apr. 2008, the first container train started from Lianyungang, arrived at Hamburg in 18 days . “Lianyungang——Dostok(Kazakhstan)—— Moscow——Ventspils——Hamburg” international railway container train. 1870 tons tomato juice in 48 cars with 96 containers (20’’) . Future Europe-Asia Continental Land Bridge (Perspective) BSR PortsMoscow Manzhouli Hamburg Erlianhaote Dalian Tianjin Qingdao Lianyungang Vostochny Pusan Western Terminals of the Continental Land Bridge (perspective) Ventspils Riga Klaipeda Kaliningrad Some obstacles for Europe-Asia Continental Land Bridge high cost (2-3 times of the cost compared to sea way) longer time due to customs procedures etc. imbalance of the cargo (cost of unnecessary empty return containers) safety of the cargo short of cargo tracing information service What do we need? cooperation Thank you !