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Dr. John Sfakianakis Group General Manager, Chief Economist Al Khobar May 29, 2010 Where is the global economy going now? V If you think Greece is the only one having a debt problem in Europe, think again Macroeconomically Saudi Arabia is very healthy and solid 2009 Estimated Gross External Debt (%of GDP) 180.5% 67.7% 38.0% Bahrain Source: IMF Qatar UAE 23.5% 19.6% 17.1% Kuwait KSA Oman Real estate exposure is the smallest in the region – NPLs are very low at 3.3% Minimal Exposure to Real Estate 68% 57% 39% 16% 18% 20% Turkey Russia Qatar 32% 33% UAE Kuwait 7% KSA Czech Real Estate & Construction Loans / Total Loans US UK Government debt is still going down 800 600 400 200 0 100 80 60 40 20 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010f ACTUAL Outstanding public debt Debt to GDP Source: Ministry of Finance, SAMA, Banque Saudi Forecasts % (SR, bn) Saudi public debt continues to fall Private sector credit growths slowly picks up, YoY could be at 8% 750 745 740 735 730 725 720 715 710 22 18 14 10 6 2 -2 2009 Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2010 Feb Mar Apr Saudi private sector credit Source: SAMA Annual growth rate (YoY % change) (SR, bn) Private sector credit growth slowly picks up Business confidence in Saudi Arabia is gradually on the rise BSF Business Confidence Index 101.0 100.5 100 100.0 99.5 99.4 99.0 98.5 98.0 98.2 97.5 97.0 Sep-09 Q4 2009 Q1 2010 The economy is slowly rebounding in 2010 YoY % change Robust growth of non-oil private sector? 9.0 8.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Real GDP Non-oil private sector real GDP Source: SAMA, Banque Saudi Fransi forecasts 2009 2010 SAMA repleneshing foreign assets as oil prices gain momentum 1700 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 2006 2007 2008 SAMA net foreign assets Source: SAMA 2009 Oil price 2010 (Oil price, USD/bbl) (SR, bn) SAMA replenishing foreign assets as oil prices gain momentum Oil prices are providing good support (USD per barrel) Oil prices remain in $70-80 range 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 2009 Feb Mar Source: Reuters Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec 2010 Feb Mar Challenge No. 1 Inflation is down in ’010 but historically high (YoY % change) Rental inflation falls to lowest level in more than two years, food costs climb 25 23 21 19 17 15 13 11 9 7 5 3 1 -1 -3 2007 Mar May Jul Sep Nov2008 Mar May Jul Sep Nov2009 Mar May Jul Sep Nov 2010 -5 Inflation rate Rental inflation Food and beverage inflation Source: Central Department of Statistics Saudi food prices track global trends after lag 165 160 155 150 145 140 135 130 125 120 115 110 105 100 95 90 125 120 115 110 105 100 95 90 2007 2008 FAO food price index 2009 2010 Saudi food and beverage index Source: Food and Agriculture Organisation, CDSI (SAUDI) (FAO) Saudi food prices track global trends after lag Challenge No. 2: Labour Market, expatriates, remittances etc. Remittances track jump in non-Saudi private workforce in '09 6500 100 6000 95 90 5000 85 4500 4000 80 3500 75 3000 70 2500 65 2000 60 1500 55 1000 500 50 2006 2007 2008 2009 Source: Ministry of Labour Non-Saudi Saudi Workers remittances (Remittances, SR, bn) (Employees, 000s) 5500 US$ Thousands Per Employee Labour productivity is very low $2,000 $1,900 $1,800 $1,700 $1,600 $1,500 $1,400 $1,300 $1,200 $1,100 $1,000 $900 $800 $700 $600 $500 $400 $300 $200 $100 $0 $1,992 GDP Labour Productivity 2008 $1,358 $1,237 $128 Mining, Quarrying & Energy $96 $88 $113 $98 $50 $35 Manufacturing $144 $167 $132 $126 $55 $60 $58 $102 $33 $39 Financial & Transportation Government Real Estate & Services Services Communication Norway Canada UAE $61 $98 $48 $28 $9 $125 $81 $21 $54 $6 Trade, Construction, Restaurants & Electricity, Hotels Water & Gas $73 $69 $16 $20 Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries $50 Total KSA Source: Abu Dhabi Statistical Yearbook; Abu Dhabi Census; UAE Ministry of Economy; SAMA; Statistics Canada; Statistics Norway; Banque Saudi Fransi $36 Challenge No. 3: Energy (oil, electricity and water) 30 Saudi domestic oil demand rising rapidly Growth in oil demand between 2007-end 2010 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 Saudi Arabia Asia Source: International Energy Agency North America Europe Middle East Latin America Water demand is rising fast: Around 33% of water is wasted via pipeline system 140 26 130 24 120 22 110 20 100 18 90 16 80 14 70 12 60 10 1992 1997 2002 Renewable water resources per capita Source: Food and Agriculture Organisation Aquastat 2007 Population 2008 (Millions) (cubic metres per year) Trends in Saudi water resources Our renewable water resources are among the lowest Renewable water resources per capita 2008 2250 2000 1750 1500 1250 1000 750 500 250 Yemen United Arab Emirates Tunisia Qatar Libya Saudi Arabia Source: Food and Agriculture Organisation Aquastat Lebanon Kuwait Jordan Iraq Iran Egypt Bahrain 0 Algeria (cubic metres per person, per year) 2500 Electricity demand is rising fast (7-8% per year) Electricity demand poised for massive surge 60 55 50 (GW) 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 1998 2004 2005 Source: Electricity & Cogeneration Regulatory Authority 2006 2007 2008 2022f State is spending more and more 50 45 40 35 30 9.0 25 20 15 10 5 0 7.0 8.5 8.0 7.5 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 2004 2005 2006 2007 Water, electricity and infrastructure allocation Source: Ministry of Finance 2008 2009 2010 Ratio to total state budget (%) (SR, bn) State allocation for water-related spending rises quickly More power but are we efficient users? But something has to give in here? SEC expects surge in power production 80000 (Anticipated loads, MW) 75000 70000 65000 60000 55000 50000 45000 40000 35000 30000 2009 2012 2015 Anticipated loads (MW) Source: Saudi Electricity Company 2018 2020 Scenario 1: Oil at $102 through 2015 and $131 through 2020) Aggressive spending 2500 (SR, bn) 2000 1500 1000 500 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Source: SAMA, Banque Saudi Fransi forecasts State revenue 2010f 2015f State expenditures (SR, bn) 650 600 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 -50 -100 -150 -200 2020f Surplus/deficit Scenario 2: Oil at $70 through 2015 and $80 through 2020) Aggressive spending 2500 (SR, bn) 2000 1500 1000 500 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Source: SAMA, Banque Saudi Fransi forecasts State revenue 2010f 2015f State expenditures 2020f Surplus/deficit (SR, bn) 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 -100 -200 -300 -400 -500 -600 -700 -800 -900 -1000 Scenario 3: Oil at $150 through 2015, $200 through 2020) 3500 1200 3000 1000 2500 800 2000 600 1500 400 1000 200 500 (SR, bn) (SR, bn) Aggressive spending 0 0 -200 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010f 2015f 2020f Source: SAMA, Banque Saudi Fransi forecasts State revenue State expenditures Surplus/deficit Energy subsidies, high oil revenues, high spending, we can’t have them all Domestic oil consumption strain poised to rise 2100 (Mn barrels) 1600 1100 600 100 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 *Assumes domestic consumption rises 10% in 2009, 6% per year from 2011-2014, 4% per year from 2015-2020 *Assumes constant oil price of $85 a barrel from 2011-2020 -400 Source: SAMA, Banque Saudi Fransi forecasts Natural gas Other refined products LPG At $70 per barrel between 2010-2020 we are losing SR 3.3 trillion in crude oil revenue Risk of opportunity cost heightens on domestic demand growth 6.0 700 5.5 600 SR6.1 trillion 5.0 500 4.0 400 3.5 300 3.0 2.5 (SR, bn) (Mn bbl/day) 4.5 200 2.0 100 1.5 1.0 0 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 *Assumes domestic consumption rises 10% in 2009, 6% per year from 20112014, 4% per year from 2015-2020 *Assumes constant oil price of $85 a barrel from 2011-2020 Source: SAMA, Banque Saudi Fransi forecasts Daily consumption Lost potential oil export revenue Disclaimer This presentation contains indicative terms only. 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Disclosure appendix The following analyst(s), who is (are) primarily responsible for this report, certifies(y) that the opinion(s) on the subject security(ies) or issuer(s) and any other views or forecasts expressed herein accurately reflect their personal view(s) and that no part of their compensation was, is or will be directly or indirectly related to the specific recommendation(s) or views contained in this research report: Dr. John Sfakianakis This report is designed for, and should only be utilised by, institutional investors. Furthermore, BSF believes an investor’s decision to make an investment should depend on individual circumstances such as the investor’s existing holdings and other considerations. Analysts are paid in part by reference to the profitability of BSF which includes investment banking revenues. 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