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Paula Maratos
Trade and FDI Statistician
Department for Business,
Innovation and Skills
#StatsTradeEvent
Content
• Trade
– Global position
– UK position
– Key partners
– Key sectors
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
– Global position
– UK position
– Key partners
– Key sectors
• A special look at NW region
#StatsTradeEvent
Trade
#StatsTradeEvent
Global Trade
160
Index, 2005=100
120
80
Population
40
Source: UNCTAD and WTO
Note: Goods exports volumes only. Real GDP has the impact of price changes removed.
2010
2005
2000
1995
1990
1985
1980
1975
1970
Goods exports volume
1965
1960
1955
0
1950
real GDP
Year
#StatsTradeEvent
In 2012, what position did the UK rank in terms
of value of global exports?
A) 2nd
B) 6th
C) 10th
D) 15th
Source: UNCTAD
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Global trends
Source: UN; Value of Goods and Services exports
#StatsTradeEvent
6
Importance of trade to UK economy
£bn
1600
80%
1400
70%
1200
60%
Trade as % of
GDP (RHS)
1000
50%
800
40%
600
30%
GDP (LHS)
Trade (LHS)
400
200
20%
10%
2012
2009
2006
2003
2000
1997
1994
1991
1988
1985
1982
1979
1976
1973
1970
1967
1964
1961
1958
0%
1955
0
£7,800 exports &
£8,400 imports
per person
Source: ONS Nominal GDP and Trade data; Value of Goods and Services imports and export; UNCTAD – Population
#StatsTradeEvent
UK runs a deficit on goods trade but a surplus on services
2012
450
400
Goods
350
Imports £bn
300
250
Exports=imports
200
150
100
Services
1955 50
2012
0
0
50
100
150
200
Exports £bn
250
300
350
Source: ONS Balance of Payments quarterly dataset
#StatsTradeEvent
In 2012, which country did the UK export the
highest value of goods and services to?
A) France
B) USA
C) Germany
D) China
E) Netherlands
Source: UN; Value of Goods and Services exports
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Key partners – Export destinations, 2012
Source: ONS; Value of Goods and Services exports
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Key partners - trends
Exports=imports
Source: ONS Balance of payments; Values goods and services
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In 2012, roughly what percentage of
exports were in services?
A) 20%
B) 40%
C) 60%
D) 80%
Source: ONS Balance of Payments
#StatsTradeEvent
Foreign Direct Investment
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Global trends FDI stocks
Source: UNCTAD, 1980-2012
#StatsTradeEvent
Importance of investment to UK economy
200
1,600
2007
2000
1,200
FDI outward
flows
£bn
800
FDI outward
stock
FDI inward
stock
2010
2006
1998
1994
1990
1986
1982
1978
1974
2002
FDI inward flows
0
1970
2010
2006
2002
1998
1994
1990
1986
1982
1978
1974
1970
0
Year
100
1966
400
1966
£bn
Nominal GDP
Year
Source: ONS Balance of Payments
and National Accounts
#StatsTradeEvent
In 2011, who was the UK’s biggest
inward investor in terms of FDI?
A) France
B) USA
C) Germany
D) Ireland
E) Netherlands
Source: ONS Balance of Payments
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Key Partners – Origin Country for UK inward FDI stock
2002
2011
Source: ONS Balance of Payments, Values
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In 2011, which broad industry group accounted for
the largest share of the UK’s inward investment
stock?
A) Production
B) Distribution
C) Services
Source: ONS Balance of Payments
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Key sectors – UK inward investment stock by
industry
2011
Source: ONS Balance of Payments
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A special look at the North West
position
#StatsTradeEvent
Overview
• 8-10% of UK goods exports are from NW region
• Over £20bn a year since 2006
• But recent decline in value and share of UK total
Source: HMRC RTS
Number of exporters and importers in NW region
• Number of exporters falling
• Number of importers rising
Source: HMRC RTS
Where do NW exports go?
• Nearly half go to 5 largest destinations
Source: HMRC RTS
What goods are being exported?
• Top 6 goods account for around half of NWs exports
Source: HMRC RTS
Inward investment and exporting - LEPs
• Greater
Manchester
LEP– average for
exporters
– One of the
lowest for
foreignownership
24
Source: Harris, R
• LEP average
34%
• Greater Mcr
32%
25
Source: Harris, R
• Just over 20%
of output in
Gr Mcr was
from foreignowned plants.
26
Source: Harris, R
• Greater
Manchester
LEP – 1608
exporters,
2248 nonexporters, of
which nearly
15% have
propensity to
export
27
Source: Harris, R