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Effective Uses of Water Plan for Livelihood Improvement Issues – action taken and outcome of the action plan Plan -East and Southern Africa © Plan Background • In 8 Countries in RESA food shortage is national issues and the countries can not produce enough food for themselves • More than 50 % of the population lives below the poverty line • Child mortality is very high because of malnutrition and water born and water related diseases • In those countries environmental degradation ( soil erosion, deforestation, poor management of ecosystem and lack of alternative renewable energy sources are big issues) • Except Egypt Sudan, Albania, in all other RESA Countries more than 90-95% of farming are based Plan on rain fed agriculture © Background • More than 80 % the population live in the rural area engaged in agriculture ( where in developing countries 3-5% the population are farmers) • For most of the countries agriculture is the backbone of the economy it contribute about 50-80 GDP and to more than 50 % foreign exchange earning • The Region has enormous ground and surface water sources ( big water bodies , lake Victoria, Nile, Zambezi, etc) • The Average Annual Rainfall pattern is uniform but some times the timing and intensity is erratic © Plan Issues and Concerns that affects economic uses of water in Plan Program Countries • The Water development program was associated with health benefit only (domains) • Most of the water development program were not design to address sustainable livelihood issues • There was no intention to uses water for house hold income generating activities • Some high yielding boreholes are not effectively used some times < 10% of the yield • Inadequate communication with Sector Association and professional groups (Rain water other networks) © Plan Some examples in lack of effectiveness • The borehole funded by Plan to Bugurunib Primary School in DAR –Tz is not properly used –no school garden…. • The water is pumped once a week for 25 minutes • There is no clear plan to use the high yielding, about 5lit/sec to the community © Plan Some examples in lack of effectiveness • A hand pump is installed in a high yielding (3.5) borehole in Geita Tz • Children & communities have to queue to collect water © Plan Malawi – • Higher Yielding boreholes were not used during the drought © Plan Gitangu Project Plan Kenya –Water Kiosk with long queue- while there is enormous sources from rivers- the eclectic pump only work 3 hours to fill the 200m3 reservoir • Many families have requested for private connection to use for dairy and poultry farm. • The community wanted to increase water kiosks to increase income © Plan 200 cum masonry reservoir constructed by Plan © Plan Electric pumps from the national grid –one pump is bought by the community as the spare © Plan Measure Taken to address the issue • Capacity Building Training on Multiple uses of water was organized for WATSAN and Food Security Advisors of the 10 countries- Nairobi-Oct2004 • Field training during the workshop © Plan Action Plan of the Workshop • The Advisors for each country developed an action plan • to take stock of the available water sources and to develop at least 2 multiple uses of water projects• To use IWRM as planning Framework • To start a Tree/Child Project and expand school garden • To join Rainwater and other professional Associations © Plan Encouraging outcome of the Training • 6 Countries agreed to use IWRM in their country program outline • 4 Countries have been doing stock taking • The working relations and communication between the WATSAN and FS advisors has improved • Plan Malawi has started 4 Trees/Child program 2 at home and 2 at school so far 18,000 fruit trees are planted by school children • All country advisors joined Rainwater Association and other networks • The understanding of Advisors on Concept of Integration and Scaling-up has increased © Plan