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Relative GDP per capita
2000 PPPs, OECD = 1001
26 countries. Estimates for 2003.
Source: OECD National Accounts.
1
Government consumption and investment
Per cent of GDP, average 1998-2003
General government wage consumption
General government non-wage consumption and investment
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
ch
e
ire
m
ex
au
s
au
t
tu
r
ko
r
us
a
gb
r
de
u
gr
c
ita
ca
n
nz
l
es
p
be
l
jp
n
no
r
fin
pr
t
fra
nl
d
e
cz
dn
k
isl
sw
e
0
2
3
The sources of real income differences, 2002
Effect of labour
resource utilisation
Percentage gap with respect
to US GDP per capita
Effect of labour
productivity
1
2
Norway
Norway
Ireland
Ireland
Switzerland
Switzerland
Canada
Canada
Austria
Austria
Denmark
Denmark
Iceland
Iceland
Australia
Australia
Sweden
Sweden
Netherlands
Netherlands
France
France
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Belgium
Belgium
Finland
Finland
Japan
Japan
Italy
Italy
3
European Union
European Union
Germany
Germany
New Zealand
New Zealand
Spain
Spain
Korea
Korea
Portugal
Portugal
Greece
Greece
Czech Republic
Czech Republic
Hungary
Hungary
Slovak Republic
Slovak Republic
Poland
Poland
Mexico
Mexico
Turkey
Turkey
-80
-40
0
40
-80
-40
0
40
-80
-40
0
40
1. Labour resource utilisation is measured as total number of hours worked divided by population.
2. Labour productivity is measured as GDP per hour worked.
3. Excluding Luxembourg,
Source: OECD National Accounts of OECD Countries, 2004; OECD Labour Force Statistics, 2004 and OECD Economic Outlook, No. 76.
4
5
Agricultural support is high
Producer support estimate
% of farm receipts
90
Highly trade distorting
80
Less trade distorting
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
ISL
JPN
EU15
2003
1995
2003
1995
2003
1995
2003
1995
0
USA
6
Labour force participation of persons aged 25-54 and
60-64 is above the OECD average for men….
Participation rates by age and gender in OECD countries, 2003
Men aged 55-59
Men aged 25-54
JPN
ISL
CHE
MEX
DNK
NZL
SWE
NOR
KOR
CZE
GBR
USA
SVK
OECD
DEU
NLD
CAN
ESP
IRL
PRT
GRC
AUS
EU-15
FIN
AUT
FRA
ITA
HUN
LUX
BEL
POL
TUR
JPN
ISL
CHE
MEX
DEU
DNK
FRA
NZL
CZE
NLD
KOR
SWE
LUX
SVK
GRC
EU-15
AUT
PRT
CAN
ESP
NOR
OECD
GBR
ITA
USA
IRL
AUS
FIN
BEL
HUN
POL
TUR
0
20
40
60
80
100
Men aged 60-64
0
20
40
60
80
100
ISL
MEX
JPN
NZL
CHE
SWE
KOR
NOR
USA
IRL
GBR
PRT
CAN
OECD
DNK
AUS
ESP
GRC
TUR
EU-15
NLD
DEU
FIN
ITA
CZE
POL
BEL
LUX
AUT
HUN
FRA
SVK
0
20
40
60
80
100
7
……and even more impressive for women
Participation rates by age and gender in OECD countries, 2003
Women aged 25-54
Women aged 55-59
ISL
SWE
FIN
CZE
DNK
NOR
SVK
CHE
NZL
DEU
CAN
GBR
FRA
USA
AUT
AUS
HUN
JPN
PRT
OECD
EU-15
NLD
POL
BEL
KOR
IRL
LUX
GRC
ITA
ESP
MEX
ISL
SWE
DNK
NOR
FIN
CHE
NZL
USA
GBR
CAN
JPN
DEU
OECD
FRA
PRT
AUS
EU-15
KOR
NLD
CZE
IRL
HUN
MEX
AUT
GRC
ESP
POL
ITA
LUX
BEL
TUR
SVK
TUR
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
Women aged 60-64
ISL
SWE
NOR
USA
NZL
KOR
JPN
CHE
PRT
CAN
OECD
DNK
GBR
AUS
FIN
IRL
MEX
GRC
TUR
EU-15
ESP
DEU
NLD
POL
CZE
FRA
ITA
LUX
HUN
BEL
AUT
SVK
0
20
40
60
80
100
8
The components of state control
and barriers to entrepreneurship, 2003
5
Licence and permits system
Administrative burdens for corporation
Sector specific administrative burdens
Antitrust exemptions
Communication and simplification of rules and procedures
Administrative burdens for sole proprietor firms
Legal barriers
4
3
2
1
0
Iceland
Norway
Sweden
Finland
Denmark
NZ
EU
US
9
U
S
U
S
EU
EU
N
Z
N
Z
03
98
03
98
03
98
m
D ark
en
9
m 8
ar
k
03
D
en
Fi
nl
an
Fi d 9
nl 8
an
d
03
ed
e
Sw n 9
ed 8
en
03
Sw
3
N
or
w
a
N y9
or
w 8
ay
03
la
n
Ic d 9
el 8
an
d
03
Ic
e
Overall PMR and components
State Control
Barriers to entrepreneurship
Barriers to trade and investment
2
1
0
10
ni
ted
K
in
gd
o
I m
N rela
et
he n d
rla
G nd s
er
m
D any
en
m
a
Be rk
lg
iu
m
Ita
l
Fr y
an
c
G e
re
ec
Sw e
e
Po den
rtu
H gal
un
ga
ry
U
ni Sp
Cz ted ain
ec Sta
h
R tes
e
Sw p ub
itz lic
er
la
Fi nd
nl
an
O
N
EC or d
D wa
y
N ave
ew r a
Ze ge
al
an
Po d
la
nd
Ja
pa
n
K
or
A ea
us
A tri a
us
tra
l
M ia
ex
i
T u co
rk
e
Ca y
na
Ic da
el
an
d
U
FDI restrictions in OECD countries, 1998/2000
Baseline FDI restrictions
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
11
12
Ko
re
Slo
No a
va
r
k R way
ep
ub
lic
Cz
Jap
ec
hR
a
ep n
ub
l
Sw ic
ed
en
Un
P
ite
o
d K land
ing
do
m
Ca
na
d
Fin a
Sw lan
d
it
Un zerla
n
ite
dS d
tat
e
Au s
s
De tria
nm
Ge ark
Ne rma
w
n
Ze y
ala
Hu nd
ng
ary
Fr
an
c
Ire e
la
B e nd
Ne lgiu
the m
rla
n
Au ds
str
ali
Gr a
ee
c
Ice e
Lu
l
xe and
mb
ou
rg
Ita
ly
Sp
a
Po in
rtu
ga
Tu l
rk
e
M y
ex
ico
Educational attainment in OECD countries, 2002
Percentage of the population with upper secondary and tertiary education
100
90
At least tertiary
Source: OECD Education Database.
At least upper secondary
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
13
Student performance and spending per student
600
Performance in mathematics
550
Finland
Korea
Japan
Netherlands
Belgium
Canada
Australia
Iceland
Sweden
Germany
France
Czech republic
Ireland
Slovak republic
500
Poland
Switzerland
Denmark
Austria
Hungary
Norway
Spain
United States
Italy
Portugal
450
Greece
400
Mexico
R2 = 0.28
350
0
10 000
20 000
30 000
40 000
50 000
60 000
70 000
80 000
90 000
14
Cumulative Expenditure (US$)
100 000
Sl
ov Mex
ak
i
Re co
pu
bl
ic
Po
lan
d
Gr
ee
ce
Tu
rk
e
Po y
rtu
g
Hu al
ng
ar
y
Sp
ain
Ita
ly
Ire
Ne
lan
w
Ze d
Cz
a
ec
h R land
ep
ub
Au lic
str
ali
No a
Lu rwa
Un xem y
b
ite
d K ourg
in
Ne gdo
m
th
er
lan
d
Ca s
na
d
Be a
lg
iu
m
Fr
an
De ce
nm
a
Ge rk
rm
an
y
K
Sw ore
a
itz
Un erla
n
ite
dS d
tat
es
Ic
ela
nd
Ja
pa
n
Fi
nl
an
Sw d
ed
en
Expenditure on R&D in OECD countries1
In per cent of GDP, 2000-03
4.5
Business enterprise
Government and higher education
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
1. Average of available data.
Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators.
15
Public expenditure
Per cent of GDP
Per cent
50
Iceland
48
OECD
46
44
42
40
38
36
34
32
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
16
te
d
el
K a nd
in
gd
om
Sp
a
Po in
la
n
M d
ex
ic
Fr o
an
C ce
an
ad
A a
us
tr
H ia
u
D ga r
en y
m
ar
k
Ic
Ita
N ly
or
G wa
N erm y
ew
a
Ze ny
a
A la n
us d
tr
a
C
ze S lia
ch we
R de
ep n
ub
B lic
el
gi
um
U
ni
The extend of free choice of government financed services
Index
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
17