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There is always hopeā¦. Table 1.1 Orientation and Directional Terms (1 of 3) © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Table 1.1 Orientation and Directional Terms (2 of 3) © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Table 1.1 Orientation and Directional Terms (3 of 3) © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 1.8 Planes of the body with corresponding magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Frontal plane Median (midsagittal) plane Transverse plane Frontal section (through torso) Transverse section (through torso, inferior view) Pancreas Median section (midsagittal) Aorta Spleen Arm Left and Liver Heart right lungs Stomach © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Liver Spinal cord Subcutaneous fat layer Body wall Rectum Intestines Vertebral column Figure 1.8a Planes of the body with corresponding magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Frontal section (through torso) Left and right lungs Frontal plane Liver Heart Arm Stomach © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 1.8b Planes of the body with corresponding magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Transverse plane Transverse section (through torso, inferior view) Liver Aorta Pancreas Spleen Spinal cord Subcutaneous fat layer © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Body wall Figure 1.8c Planes of the body with corresponding magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Median section (midsagittal) Rectum Intestines Vertebral column © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Median (midsagittal) plane Figure 1.9b Dorsal and ventral body cavities and their subdivisions. Cranial cavity Vertebral cavity Superior Thoracic mediastinum cavity Pleural (contains cavity heart and Pericardial lungs) cavity within the mediastinum Diaphragm Abdominal cavity (contains digestive viscera) Abdominopelvic cavity Pelvic cavity (contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum) Dorsal body cavity Anterior view © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Ventral body cavity (thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities) Ventral body cavity Figure 1.10 Serous membrane relationships. Outer balloon wall (comparable to parietal serosa) Air (comparable to serous cavity) Inner balloon wall (comparable to visceral serosa) A fist thrust into a flaccid balloon demonstrates the relationship between the parietal and visceral serous membrane layers. Heart Parietal pericardium Pericardial space with serous fluid Visceral pericardium The serosae associated with the heart. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 1.10a Serous membrane relationships. Outer balloon wall (comparable to parietal serosa) Air (comparable to serous cavity) Inner balloon wall (comparable to visceral serosa) A fist thrust into a flaccid balloon demonstrates the relationship between the parietal and visceral serous membrane layers. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 1.10b Serous membrane relationships. Heart Parietal pericardium Pericardial space with serous fluid Visceral pericardium The serosae associated with the heart. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 22.30d Mesenteries of the abdominal digestive organs. Liver Lesser omentum Pancreas Stomach Duodenum Transverse mesocolon Transverse colon Mesentery Greater omentum Jejunum Ileum Visceral peritoneum Parietal peritoneum Urinary bladder Rectum © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 1.11 The four abdominopelvic quadrants. Right upper quadrant (RUQ) Left upper quadrant (LUQ) Right lower quadrant (RLQ) Left lower quadrant (LLQ) © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 1.12 The nine abdominopelvic regions. Right hypochondriac region Right lumbar region Right iliac (inguinal) region Epigastric region Umbilical region Hypogastric (pubic) regionz Left hypochondriac region Left lumbar region Left iliac (inguinal) region Nine regions delineated by four planes © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Diaphragm Liver Spleen Gallbladder Stomach Ascending colon of large intestine Transverse colon of large intestine Small intestine Descending colon of large intestine Cecum Appendix Initial part of sigmoid colon Urinary bladder Anterior view of the nine regions showing the superficial organs Figure 1.12a The nine abdominopelvic regions. Right hypochondriac region Epigastric region Left hypochondriac region Right lumbar region Umbilical region Left lumbar region Right iliac (inguinal) region Hypogastric (pubic) region Left iliac (inguinal) region Nine regions delineated by four planes © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 1.12b The nine abdominopelvic regions. Liver Diaphragm Spleen Gallbladder Stomach Ascending colon of large intestine Transverse colon of large intestine Small intestine Descending colon of large intestine Cecum Appendix Initial part of sigmoid colon Urinary bladder Anterior view of the nine regions showing the superficial organs © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.