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Electrical Energy
Transformations:
Generation and Use
Generating Electricity-Diagram
Electric Power Generation and Use:
Thermal/
Heat:
Kinetic
Chemical:
Potential
Mechanical/ Electrical:
Rotational: Kinetic
Kinetic
Electrical:
Kinetic
Various forms
of potential and
kinetic energy
Various forms
of potential and
kinetic energy
Generating Electricity
How can electrical energy be generated?
•
Electrical power plants differ in how they are
powered.

Hydroelectric (pressure of water behind a dam)

Nuclear

Solar thermal

Burning coal, oil, or natural gas--MOST
COMMON

Batteries

Wind

Tides

Geothermal (heat from earth)
Generating Electricity
Electric Power Plant:
Electricity
Fuel
Generating Electricity
Description of Components:
 Fuel/source • Electrons in wires will not move in an
organized way without a source of
power. (ex. battery, electrical power
plant). Usually fuel in modern electrical
power plants is oil, coal, or natural gas:
chemical potential energy.
 Turbine •
Consists of 1000’s of moving blades
• Transfers the energy in moving steam or
water into the rotational kinetic energy of a shaft
in a generator
•
Ultimately forces wire coils to rotate within a
magnetic field in the generator
Generating Electricity
Description of Components:
 Generator • Mechanical energy is converted
to electrical energy
Turbine
• Thousands of coils of wire spin
between the poles of a strong
magnet
•
Electricity is generated at at
approx. 20,000 volts
Steam
 Transformer • A device that is used to step-up (increase) or
step-down (decrease) voltage
Generating Electricity
Description of Components:
 Transmission Lines -
•
Carry electric power many miles at high
voltages (approx. 760,000 volts) to the
appropriate destination
 Distribution and Use -
•
Electricity is “stepped-down” or decreased in a
distribution transformer to approx. 12,000 volts
•
Voltage is then decreased further; 120 - 240 volt
lines extend to homes and buildings where it is used
in various forms
Electricity is unique because it cannot be stored. It must be
produced on demand and used immediately! Load is the
amount of electrical demand.