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Scientific English Writing
Section Ⅳ
Ex. 2
II. 19. This rule can be used for all integers, both
positive and negative.
27. Impedance in an ac circuit plays the same role
that resistance does in a dc circuit.
28. Two parallel wires a distance of δ apart carry
the current i.
Ex.3
II. 7. This facilitates their use in circuit analysis.
10. Here we must use wires one thousandth the
diameter of a silk thread.
14. AC can be changed into DC, a process called
rectification.
16. An instrument for measuring current, voltage
and resistance, the multi-meter is widely used in
the work having connection with electricity.
19. This curve shows the fall in conductivity with
increasing temperature.
IV. 1. The second law of motion provides a
method for measuring shat is called the “inertial
mass” of a body. All one needs to do is to apply
the same force in turn to a standard of mass and
to an unknown mass and then to compare their
accelerations, something that can be done
anywhere in the universe with the same results.
No matter where we are, we can always tell a
wooden ball from a lead ball of the same size by
throwing them.
2. **: male, born in 1938, professor, and advisor for
doctoral students. He graduated from the Xi’an
Military Telecommunications Engineering Institute
in 1964 and remained there as a faculty member. He
has long been engaged in the teaching and research
in the field of radar. Through close cooperation with
quite a few radar research institutes and enterprises,
he has successively undertaken or taken charge of
more than twenty national defence key preliminary
research projects and engineering projects with
many practical achievements, most of which have
been popularized and applied, or used to equip the
armed forces, thus making contributions to the
development of radar technology in China.
Independent work 3
1、人体是由大大小小无数结构构成的。(using an
adjective phrase to express the underlined part)
2、这台计算机的速度由于它使用了继电器而受到了限
制。（using a prepositional phrase to express the
underlined part）
3、他们使用了与卡车同宽的一些厚木板。（using a
noun phrase to express the underlined part ）
The human body is made up of numerous structures
large and small.
This computer was limited in speed by its use of
relays.
They used plants the width of the truck.
4. 如果这关系式成立的话，我们就会得到一个负
的电流，这种情况是不可能的。
5. 色谱法（chromatography）是一种非常有效的
分离方法，它已得到了广泛的应用。
6. 一块15m长的厚木板放在相距8m的两个支座上。
If this relation were to hold, we would get
a negative current, an impossible situation.
A very effective separation method,
chromatography is widely used.
A plant 15-meter-long is put on 2 supports
8 meters apart.
SECTION Ⅱ
Parenthesis, negation, and comparison
I. Parenthetic clauses
(1) in the main clause
Nuclear fission, it has been claimed, will be a
cheap, clean and almost inexhaustible source of
power.
Potential energy, it is true, might not affect the
sense of touch in the same way as kinetic energy
would.
(2) in the sub-clause
Ohm’s law has a few forms which it will be
found are very useful.
One of the major problems which faced me in
writing this book was ‘digesting' the vast literature
on computer-aided library systems and presenting it
in what I hope is a clear and concise manner.
(3) say=let us say
Well-grounded students can absorb Chapters 4
and 5 in say three weeks.
A resistor of say 100 ohms may be connected
across the capacitor.
II. Negation
This parameter does not change during all time
intervals.
Eq.(5) cannot be satisfied for all values of x.
普通的窗户均承受不了如此大的力。
None of the ordinary windows can withstand
so large a force.
这些学生对那些电路均不熟悉。
Summary
1. Partial negation
all [both, every] + not
2. Full negation
no [none of the …, neither ]+ n.
Both books are not suitable.
这两台设备的质量都不好。
Ⅲ. Comparison
(1) The way to express the idea of “…得多”
much/ far /considerably/significantly
+ comparative degree
Equation (8-10) contains much more than a mere
description of how the gain saturates.
The real forecast must take account far more
climate factors.
(2) The ways to express the idea of “越来越…”
ever + ~er
Computers are becoming ever smaller.
increasingly + positive degree
Electronic devices are getting increasingly
complicated.
(3) The ways to express the idea of “…达（到）”
as + adj. + as + quantity
That cable is as long as three kilometers.
Efficiencies of as much as 99% are achieved in
large transformers。
月亮离地球的距离远达24万英里。
** Such books are as political as educational.
** These energy bands are actually composed of a
multitude of individual energy levels, as many as
there are atoms in the crystal.
(4) The ways to express the idea of “… 越…, 就越…”
物体运动的越快，其具有的动能越大。
The faster the body moves, the greater kinetic
energy it will possess.
** That person is more brave than wise.
He is more proud than vain.
** Bamboo is used for more than building.
This voltage is more than enough to saturate
transistor Q4.
** The beauty of Huangshan Mountain is
more than I can express.
Such insult was more than I could stand.
Assignment:
P.39 Ex. 4 II-1, 4, 8, 9, 17, 18
optional IV-1, 2, 3