Download PSCAD Simulation of Grid Tied Photovoltaic and Wind Farms

PSCAD Simulation of Grid Tied
Photovoltaic and Wind Farms
By
Abdulrahman Kalbat
PSCAD/EMTDC
• PSCAD: Power Systems Computer Aided Design
• PSCAD is Graphical User Interface for EMTDC
simulation engine
• EMTDC: Electromagnetic Transients including DC
• Simulate time domain instantaneous response of the
power systems
www.pscad.com
PSCAD Vs. Simulink
• PSCAD’s interface is specialized for power system
networks
• Faster time domain simulation speed
• Matlab/Simulink Interface in PSCAD
• Availability of the models for Solar Panels and Wind
Turbines
Venayagamoorthy, Ganesh K., “Comparison of power system simulation studies on different platforms – RSCAD, PSCAD/EMTDC, and
SIMULINK SimPowerSystems,” International Conference on Power System Operations and Planning, 2005
Power Network Under Study
• Complete Utility Grid (from generation to
distribution)
• Utility Scale PV System
• Utility Scale Wind Turbine System
Previous Research Done
• Electrical model development and validation for distributed
resources for NREL [1]
• Modeling of a photovoltaic system with a distributed energy
storage system [2]
• Power quality effects of high PV penetration on Distribution
Networks [3]
[1] M.G. Simões, B. Palle, S. Chakraborty, and C. Uriarte, “Electrical Model Development and Validation for Distributed Resources ,”
NREL, Golden, CO, 2007
[2} Anthony W. Ma, “MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM WITH A DISTRIBUTED ENERGY STORAGE
SYSTEM,” M.S. Thesis, Dept. Elect. Eng., California Polytechnic State Univ., San Luis Obispo, CA, 2012
[3] Minas Patsalides, et. al., “Towards the establishment of maximum PV generation limits due to power quality constraints,” Electrical
Power and Energy Systems,
Expected Results
• Effects of PV and Wind systems on the power
quality of the utility grid
• Frequency
• Voltage
• System’s response to faults:
• Line to line faults
• Line to ground faults
• Lightning strikes
Solar Photovoltaic Model
Photovoltaic Model
Maximum Power Point Tracker Model
• Directly convert solar energy into
• Ensure optimum output at varying
electricity
temperature and insolation
• Regulate and step-down the high voltage
of the PV array.
Models developed by:
Athula Rajapakse, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
Grid Connected PV
Grid Connected PV
Solar Radiation
+
Cell Temperature
Data
PV Array
+
Output Capacitor
DC-DC Converter
for MPP Tracking
DC-bus Capacitor
and Start-up Charging
3-phase Inverter Bridge
Anthony W. Ma, “MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM WITH A DISTRIBUTED ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM
,” M.S. Thesis, Dept. Elect. Eng., California Polytechnic State Univ., San Luis Obispo, CA, 2012
Maximum Power Point Tracker
Variable Solar Radiation
Increase Solar Radiation  Increase Short Circuit Current
Maximum Power Point Tracker
Variable Temperature
Increase Temperature  Decrease Open Circuit Voltage
Maximum Power Point Tracker
Maximum Power Yield
Maximum Power Point Tracker
Regulate and step-down the high voltage of the PV array.
3-Phase Inverter
3-Phase Inverter
Output Current
Output Voltage
Wind Turbine Model
Inputs
• Vw: Wind speed (must be a positive value) [m/s]
• W: Machine mechanical speed [rad/s]
• Beta: Pitch angle [°]
Inputs
• Wm: Mechanical speed of the machine [rad/s]
• Pg: Power output of the machine based on the
machine rating [p.u.]
Outputs
• Tm: Output torque of the turbine [p.u.]
• P: Output power of the turbine [p.u.]
Output
Beta: Pitch angle [°]
Thank You