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Transcript
Assumption University
Thailand
EE4503
Electrical Systems Design
Introduction
1
Assumption University
Thailand
Topics
• Understand the electrical systems design
• Know the standards used in this class
• Electrical Power Systems
– Production / Generation
– Transmission
– Distribution + Utilization
2
Assumption University
Thailand
Electrical Systems Design
3
Assumption University
Thailand
What we have to do?
Design the electrical systems according to
the standards
• Know the standards
• Apply the standards
• Know theory behind the standards
Rules, Regulations  Laws
4
Assumption University
Thailand
Where?
5
Assumption University
Thailand
What?
• Electrical Power Systems
– Delivery of the electrical power to the users
– Protection of the electrical systems
• Communication Systems
– Delivery of the electrical signal
6
Assumption University
Thailand
What is Communication Systems?
• Telephone Systems
• Fire Alarm Systems
• Master Antenna TV Systems
• Security & Closed Circuit TV Systems
• Sound Systems
• Building Automation Systems
7
Assumption University
Thailand
What is Electrical Power Systems?
• Power Distribution Systems
• Lighting Systems
• Standby Power Systems
• Lightening Protection Systems
• Vertical Transportation Systems (today
might include horizontal as well)
8
Assumption University
Thailand
What do we have to do?
• Design the electrical systems according to
– Safety (including Standards, Rules, Regulations)
– Customer need
• Cooperate with others: mechanical and civil
• Detail specifications of the systems
• Cost estimation
9
Assumption University
Thailand
What are outcomes?
• Single Line Diagrams
– Riser Diagram
• Load Schedule Tables
• Plans
– Lighting
– Receptacles
10
Assumption University
Thailand
What are outcomes (details)?
• Requirements
• Specifications
– Equipment
• Installation Details
• Wiring diagrams
11
Assumption University
Thailand
What is a Good Design?
• Safety
• Minimum Initial Investment
• Maximum Electrical Efficiency (Minimum
Operating Costs): e.g. power factor control,
transformer loss, zoning lighting control
• Minimum Maintenance Cost
12
Assumption University
Thailand
What is a Good Design?
• Maximum Service Continuity: depend to the
need, e.g. hospital, office, computer center
• Maximum Flexibility and Expandability
• Maximum Power Quality: think about turning
on an air condition then computer hangs.
13
Assumption University
Thailand
Standards
14
Assumption University
Thailand
What are standards?
Common agreement on some technical
issues :
• Standards for electrical equipment
– Cable, Circuit breaker, Switch, etc.
• Standards for installation
– Safety distance between 12kV cable
15
Assumption University
Thailand
Is there a single standard?
• National Standards: to server the need of
each country
– NEC, ANSI, BS, DN, VDE, JIS, TIS (มอก.)
• International Standards
– ISO, IEC, EN
16
Assumption University
Thailand
Standard Comparison (examples)
• Frequency: 60 Hz
• Frequency: 50 Hz
• Voltage: 208/120V,
480/277V
• Voltage: 380/220V,
400/230V
• Cable: AWG
• Cable: mm2
• Dimension: inch, feet
• Dimension: m
• Weight: pound
• Weight: kg
Electrical System Design, ประสิทธิ์ พิทยพัฒน์
17
Assumption University
Thailand
Electrical Symbols
http://literature.rockwellautomation.com/idc/groups/literature/documents/wd/100-wd001_-en-p.pdf
18
Assumption University
Thailand
Electrical Symbols
http://literature.rockwellautomation.com/idc/groups/literature/documents/wd/100-wd001_-en-p.pdf
19
Assumption University
Thailand
Electrical Symbols
http://literature.rockwellautomation.com/idc/groups/literature/documents/wd/100-wd001_-en-p.pdf
20
Assumption University
Thailand
Electrical Power Systems
21
Assumption University
Thailand
Overview of Power Systems
http://venturebeat.files.wordpress.com/2010/10/grid.jpg
22
Assumption University
Thailand
Electrical Power Plant (major)
• Steam power plant: from lignite, oil, natural gas
to nuclear
• Combustion power plant: gas-turbine, diesel
• Combined Cycle power plant: combined the
above two
23
Assumption University
Thailand
Electrical Power Plant (minor)
• Hydro power plant: Dam, pico-hydro
• Solar cell
• Wind turbine
• ** Stream power plant: stirling engine
24
Assumption University
Thailand
Big Three by Thai Law
• EGAT: Electrical Generating Authority of Thailand
– Generation / Transmission
• MEA: Metropolitan Electricity Authority
– Transmission / Distribution / Utilization
• PEA: Provincial Electricity Authority
– Gen. / Trans. / Distribution / Utilization
25
Assumption University
Thailand
Generation
• EGAT is the main electrical power
generation (by law)
• Private Power Producer (sell to EGAT)
– Independent Power Producer (IPP)
– Small Power Producer (SPP)
26
Assumption University
Thailand
Transmission
• Long distance distribute of power
• High voltage
• High reliability (N-1, N-2, etc.)
• Network of Transmission  Power Grid
– High reliable, efficiency
27
Assumption University
Thailand
ASEAN Power Grid
http://www2.egat.co.th/apg/images/APG_MAP.png
28
Assumption University
Thailand
Distribution
• Low voltage
– 220V 1 phase 2 wires
– 380/220V 3 phase 4 wires
• High voltage
– 12kV (11kV), 24kV (22kV)
– 69kV, 115kV
29
Assumption University
Thailand
Backbone Distribution
• Simple Radial
• Primary-Selective System
• Secondary-Selective System
• Loop-primary system
• etc.
30
Assumption University
Thailand
Backbone Distribution
Simple Radial
Electrical Power Distribution Systems Operations, D.B.Campbell
31
Assumption University
Thailand
Backbone Distribution
Secondary Selective
Electrical Power Distribution Systems Operations, D.B.Campbell
32
Assumption University
Thailand
Backbone Distribution
Primary Selective
Electrical Power Distribution Systems Operations, D.B.Campbell
33
Assumption University
Thailand
Distribution to End-user
Depend on the area
• Overhead cable
• Underground cable from Overhead cable
• Underground cable from Underground
cable
34
Assumption University
Thailand
Reference
• Electrical Systems Design, ประสิทธิ์ พิทยพัฒน์
• Electrical Power Distribution Systems
Operations, D.B.Campbell
35