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Introduction: • Grape is an important fruit crop in Maharashtra. • Need constant attention for production of export quality grapes. • Rootstock is stump which has well grown & healthy root system. • Grape Rootstocks are wild relatives plants of grapes. • Plant part which grafted on the rootstock is called scion. Need of Rootstock • Rootstocks are Sturdy plants which resist insect, pest, disease, and nematode infestation • Tolerant to draught, salinity with profuse and Sturdy root system • Increases crop growth, vigor and yield, Selection of Rootstock Grape vines not grafted on rootstocks may suffer from phylloxera disease. Proper rootstock and cultivar must be selected before grafting. Selection of rootstock is based on the following criteria: Soil Fertility and Productivity Climatic Condition of Region Grape Variety to be grown Purpose of Grape Growing-Table or Wine Purpose Desired level of Quality and Yield of Grape Selection of Rootstock Selection of rootstock in Grape should be made for following traits. • Vigorous Growth of Grape Vines • Tolerance to Soil Salinity • Tolerance to Drought Condition • Resistance to Pest, Diseases and Nematodes Rootstocks for different Conditions Rootstock Traits Rootstock Varieties Vigorous Vine Growth Dogridge, Ramsey, 1613-C. Salinity Tolerance Dogridge, Salt Creek (Ramsey),1616-C, 1613-C. Drought Resistance Dogridge, 110 Richter, St. George. Nematode Resistance Dogridge, Ramsey, 1616-C, 1613-C. PDF Rootstock varieties Dogridge Salt Creek (Ramsey) 110 Richter St. George 1616-C 1613-C Dogridge • Highly Resistant to Soil Salinity, Nematodes and Draught condition • Vigorous in Growth and Moderately resistant to Phylloxera disease • Rootstock Leaves are shining and medium to large in size • Rootstock shows Zinc and Chloride deficiency in plant Salt Creek (Ramsey) Resistance to Soil salinity, Nematodes and Draught conditions. Vigorous in growth of Graft/scion with profuse growth of Suckers. 110 Richter Resistant to Soil Salinity, Nematodes and Draught condition Recommended for table and wine varieties of Grape. Moderately vigorous in growth with increased fruitfulness Rootstock restricts uptake of sodium and chloride from soil St. George Resistance to Nematodes and Draught conditions Vigorous in growth of scion and graft. 1616-C Resistance to soil salinity and Nematodes. Vigorous in growth with Increased fruitfulness, yield and life. 1613-C Highly resistant to soil salinity, nematodes and Medium resistant to Phylloxera disease Leaves are medium to large in size with stalk of leaves are red in colour Propagation of Rootstock Rootstocks are propagated by hard wood stem cutting with 4-5 nodes. Cuttings Planted in plastic bags in September–October are ready for planting in field in 1.5- 2 month Planting of Rootstock Planting season in February-March with Spacing 6 x 8 feet or 6 x9 feet Planting Trench size: 1 m deep x 1 m wide and length according slope of land. Grafting on Rootstock In situ grafting in grape is successfully carried out in September- October months. Photo Gallery Select 2-3 healthy and vigorous vines and cut down remaining shoots on rootstock. Take re-cut on vine at 1.5-2 feet height on selected shoot of rootstock. Graft the scion on rootstock, tighten the union with plastic stripe and provide bamboo stick support after 15-20 days of grafting. 1. Vertical cut on Rootstock 2. Tide Plastic Stripe 3. After Grafting 5. 2 Month After Grafting 4. 15 days After Grafting Care of Grafting Remove plastic stripe after 2 - 2.5 month after grafting. Select one healthy and vigorous graft and Re-cut at 4 feet height from ground. Allow two primary shoots to grow in opposite direction. On primary shoot , three laterals are kept on either side as secondary arm which are treated as fruiting shoot Re-cutting of grafted vines 6-7 months after grafting