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Part 4
Other Key Physical Geography Terms
Terms Associated With the Ocean
 Archipelago
 Gulf
 Bay
 Fjord
 Cape
 Harbor
 Channel
 Sea
 Currents
 Sound
ARCHIPELAGO: A group
of, or chain of, islands
BAY: A body of
water that extends
into a shoreline,
smaller than a gulf
CAPE: A point of
land that extends into
a river, lake, or ocean
CHANNEL: A wide waterway between
two landmasses
CURRENTS: Streams of cold or warm
water that move through the ocean
GULF: A body of
water that
extends into a
shoreline, bigger
than a bay
FJORD: A long,
narrow, deep inlet of
the sea between
steep slopes of land
HARBOR: A sheltered place along a
shoreline where ships can anchor
New York
Sydney
SEA: A large body
of water
completely or
partly surrounded
by land
SOUND: A large body of water
between a coastline and a large island
Terms Associated With the Continents
 Basin
 Isthmus
 Delta
 Peninsula
 Divide
 Tributary
 Environment
 Volcano
BASIN: Area of
land that water
flows into, but not
out of
DELTA: A
triangularshaped section
of land near the
mouth of a river
DIVIDE: Stretch of high land that
separates river systems
ENVIRONMENT:
The surroundings
in which any living
thing operates
ISTHMUS: Narrow stretch of land
connecting two larger land areas
PENINSULA: Body of land jutting into water,
and surrounded on three sides by water
TRIBUTARY:
A small river
or stream
that flows into
a larger one
VOLCANO: A
mountain created as
liquid rock and ash
erupt from inside Earth
Vegetation Regions
Vegetation regions are natural environments that
provide the stage for activities such as farming,
raising livestock, and producing timber. They
include:
1. Forests
3. Deserts
2. Grasslands
4. Tundra
DECIDUOUS
TREES
Lose their leaves
yearly
CONIFEROUS
TREES
Have cones and
may also be
called
evergreens
GRASSLANDS are mostly flat regions, dotted
with a few trees, and known by different names.
In tropical areas they are called Savannas, and in
temperate regions are called Steppes.
The World’s Major Grasslands
Plants that can conserve water and
withstand heat dot the DESERT landscape.
Examples include cacti, shrubs, or sagebrush.
The World’s Major Deserts
Plants that hug the ground are best adapted
to survive the cold, dry TUNDRA climate.
Examples include mosses and lichen.
Earth’s Tundra Regions