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Cyperaceae The Sedge Family • • • • • • • • • • 70-115 genera 3600-5000 species Herbs Monocots Annual, biennial, or perennial Flowers are arranged in spikelets somewhat as in grasses, and these again in larger spike-like or panicled inflorescences Flowers are often unisexual, are wind-pollinated Widely distributed throughout the earth Found mainly in wetlands and poor soils Stems are triangular Carex Genus • Est. 1500-2500 species • One of the largest and most widespread genera of angiosperms • Male flower consists of 3 stamens, female flower consists of 2-3 carpels • Perennials • panicles of flower heads in short spikes Carex interior: Inland sedge • 1.5 feet • Blooms mid Spring • 3-5 leaves/stem Carex lasiocarpa: woolyfruit sedge • Most dominant in wetlands, forming huge stands • Leaves permanently folded along mid rib Carex stipata: awlfruit sedge • 3.5 feet • Course leaves often elongate • Low, wet grounds Carex trisperma-threeseeded sedge • Adapted to fine- and meduim-textured soils. • Stems very slender and weak. • Mostly near the coast. Carex intumescensgreater bladder sedge • Moist to wet woods. • 3 feet. • Blooms late spring Carex retrorsa-knotsheath sedge • Found in swampy woods and wet meadows. • Stems densely clustered on short rhizomes. Carex gracillima-graceful sedge • Blooms late spring. • Strongly purple-tinged at base. • Leaves sheathed and and glabrous. Carex limosa-mud sedge • Stems arising singly or few together from long rhizomes. • Few leaves Carex pseudocyperuscypress-like sedge • Stout stems • Pistillate spikes drooping. • Swamps and bogs. Eriophorum Genus • Scales spirally arranged. • Flowers perfect, each in the axil of the a scale. • Mature spiklet forms a dense, cottony tuft 24cm. • Stamens 1-3 • Perennial herbs of wet places • Grass like leaves • Found in northern hemispere. Eriophorum polystachionColdswamp Cotton-grass Flowering June-August. • • Habitat: bogs. • Leaves Elongated, flat, rough along the edges. Eriophorum vaginatumtussock cottongrass • Leaves clustered at base. • Bogs and open conifer swamps. Eriophorum virginicumtawny cottongrass • Stems stiff and erect to 1 meter. • Solitary of few from together from freely rooting base. • Swamps and bogs. References • • • • • • • • • http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/Cyperace.htm http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Cyperaceae http://plants.usda.gov/java/charProfile?symbol=CAIN11 http://wisplants.uwsp.edu/photos/CARRET1_RF.jpg http://www.prairiemoon.com/images/D/Carex-gracillima-Purple-sheathedGraceful-Sedge-plant.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Carex_limosa_korseby.jpeg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Carex_pseudocyperus.jpeg http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/plants/florane/species/3/eriopoly.htm Cronquist, Arthur., Gleason, Henry A. Manual of vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. Second Edition. Ney York Botanical Garden. 1991.
