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Biomes Biomes are a group of ecosystems with similar climates (temperature and rainfall) and organisms. www.brainpop.com Types of Biomes • • • • • • • • Rain Forest Desert Grassland Deciduous Forest Coniferous Forest Tundra Freshwater Saltwater (Marine) Deciduous Forest Biome • Large Trees – Shed leaves each winter • At least 50 cm of rain each year • The weather in this area changes with the seasons Deciduous Forest Biome • Virginia is located in this biome. Coniferous Forest Biome • Also called Boreal Forest or Taiga • Largest Biome in World • Most abundant plant life is coniferous trees – cone bearing Coniferous Forest Biome • The weather here is colder. Winters have much more snow. Summers don’t get quite as warm. • Total snowfall can reach more than 20 feet per year!!! • Video : http://www.thewildclassroom.com/b iomes/taiga.html Rain Forest Biome • 2 types: – Tropical Rain Forest - found near the equator – Temperate Rain Forest – found NW USA • Both have many species of plants & animals 25% 18% 57% Tropical Rain Forest Biome • Lots of rain!!!! Wettest place on earth. It rains every day. 100 – 400 inches per year (That’s 9-30 feet) • Very warm & humid all year long – average temp. is 80OF • Trees form distinct layers – – Canopy – top layer of trees – Understory – 2nd layer of trees Tropical Rain Forest Biome • LOTS of plant & animals • Most diverse place on earth!!! • Video: http://www.thewildclassroom.com /biomes/rainforest.html Grassland Biomes • Also Called Prairies & Savannahs • 25 – 75 cm of rain a year • Enough to rain to support grasses and bushes, but not enough to support trees. Grassland Biomes • Savannahs closer to equator & receive more rain up to 120 cm. • Have scattered shrubs & small trees • Grasslands support the largest animals on Earth • Video • http://www.thewildclassroom.com/biomes/grassland s.html • http://www.thewildclassroom.com/biomes/tropicals avanna.html Desert Biomes • A desert is an area that receives less than 25cm (10 inches) of rain per year. (Some don’t get any) • Most deserts get very hot during the day and get very cold at night. Desert Biomes • Animals & plants have adapted to preserve water • Most animals are nocturnal Tundra Biome • The land here is very cold and dry. • Very little precipitation • Land is frozen all year (permafrost) Tundra Biome • Short summer – top layer of soil defrosts • Mosses, grasses, shrubs & dwarf bushes • Insects, birds, reindeer, foxes, wolves, hares Freshwater Biomes • Not Saltwater!!! • Account for 1/5 of Earth • 2 Groups – Ponds & Lakes – Rivers & Streams • Sunlight only reaches top of water • Algae is the most abundant plant in the water biomes because photosynthesis can only occur at top layers of water Ponds and Lakes • Still water • Lakes are deeper than ponds. • Sometimes ponds are shallow enough for sunlight to reach the bottom which lets plants grow. Streams and Rivers • The water runs fast in these areas. • Plants and animals must be able to survive in the fast running water • Video : http://www.thewildclassr oom.com/biomes/stream. html Marine Biomes • Salt or Brackish Water • Oceans & Estuaries • Plants & animals must have adaptations to survive in salt water • Video : http://www.thewildclassroom.com/biomes/coastal .html Estuaries • This is where the water from the rivers and streams runs into the ocean, making a mixture of salt and fresh water. • Lots of sun – lots of plants
