Download Lily

LEC
06
Families – Part II
FIELD BOTANY – Lecture 06
Dr. Donald P. Althoff
tiger lily (A)
Set II
Canada lily
• Lily family
_______
Common mallow
• Mallow family
hibiscus
dicot
• Sunflower family
dicot
cup
plant
chicory
• Grass family
deer
tongue
_______
purpletop
Lily Family
• TAXONICALLY: ___________
perennials herbs and forbs
• well know species:
day lily (A)
tiger lily (A)
Canada lily
Gray’s lily
wood lily
But…water lilies are ____ from this family (Nymphaeaceae)
Lily Family
flowering parts patterns
• ________ and ________
• Often, the petals and sepals are the same color
• Often, the petals and sepals are the same shape
2
3
1
3
1
2
Lily Family
flowering parts patterns
• Thus, with color and size often matching, it
_________ they have 6 petals and no sepals…
• …but they don’t
…it is still
3 petals,
3 sepals
Canada lily
Lily Family
“inside” flowering parts patterns
• __________— all same approx. height
• Pistil with _____ stigma
Stigma top
noticeably _______
3
2
4
1
6
5
perennial pepperweed
Lily Family
leaf pattern
• ________ veins
Lily Family
“key”
• __ petals and __ sepals— and they _________!
day lily(A)
tiger lily (A)
Canada lily
Michigan lily
white trout lily
wild oats (sessile bellwort)
Indian cucumber root
Solomon’s seal
Turk’s-cap lily
Michigan lily
White trout lily
note “__________”
note “________” on leaf
Solomon’s seal
Flowers and
fruit
“______ the
stalk…not at
terminal
end
Indian cucumber root
note “2 whorls of
leaves ”…3-4 at top,
6 or more bottom
Lily Family
• Could be confused with iris family
(Iridaceae)…but irises only have __
stamens—not 6
Stamens not easily
visible in
irises…often
__________
Mallow Family
• TAXONICALLY: ____________
annuals, biennials, perennial herbs and forbs
• well know species:
common mallow
swamp rose mallow
hollyhock
hibiscus
cotton
Mallow Family
flower patterns
• __ separate petals
• a ________________
1
2
3
5
4
Mallow Family
flower patterns
• 5 separate petals
• a column of stamens
this is the ______ …that
appears “fused” with
stamens
Mallow Family
sepals and bracts
• 3-5 partially “united” ______
• sepals often surrounded by several ______
Mallow Family
_____________
texture
________ any plant
part and rub
between
fingers….result:
________ texture
Mallow Family – miscellaneous
• Only known species in this family that is
poisonous: __________
• Most of the rest are edible (and many have
medicinal uses)
• ____ plants
Mallow Family
“key”
• 5 separate petals, column of stamens
globe mallow
prickly mallow
Sunflower (Aster) Family
• TAXONICALLY: ____________
(previously Compositae)
• Predominately annual herbs and forbs
• well know species:
aster!
sunflowers!
ironweed
chicory
goldenrods
Aster (Sunflower) Family
flower head patterns
• ____________ flowers in ________ heads
___________
flower with
___________
Composite
Flower
stalk / stem
_________
Aster family
Individual flower
5 stamens fused
5 petals fused together at the
base to ~ 50% upward
________ hair = sepals
_____= seed (think sunflower seed)
blue-stemmed
goldenrod
blanket flower
purple coneflower
lance-leaved coreopsis
Aster (Sunflower) Family
key ID: composite flowers in
disk-like heads
purple stemmed
aster
mature sunflower
head
Aster (Sunflower) Family
additional “tips”
• Presence of _______ layers of bracts
• Some have ___________ flowers (yarrow)
Aster (Sunflower) Family
Miscellaneous
• _________ seed producers (think annuals!)
• Many have seeds with prickles, bristle, or
soft hairs that aid in ____________…think
cockleburs, agrimonies, stick-tights
• Mostly are ___ plants, some are ___ plants
Aster (Sunflower) Family
• ___ most number of species (___________ is #1)
• _____ species in temperate ecosystems (i.e. NA)
cup plant
chicory
Grass Family (again)
• TAXONICALLY: _________
annuals and perennials
• well know species:
corn
milo (sorghum)
wheat
barley
“grasses”
Grass Family
• grass plants maintain 3 defining characteristics
from other members of the plant kingdom:
1 ________________ emerge between the
bracts on leaf-less stems
2 leaves on grass plants take on a __________ and
stretch out long and slender. At the stem,
these leaves cling tightly and form a type of
________.
3 the _____________________in the center. The
nodes, or joints, along the stem also appear
swollen.
• Herbaceous or seldom woody
• Stems often rhizomatous and/or
D
with erect culms (A, shoots)
• Stems round, hollow, with nodes (B)
• Leaves linear, with parallel venation,
sheathing, with ligule at top of
sheath
C
• Inflorescences with terminal and
axillary spikelets (C), subtended by
bracts (glumes)
• Flowers without sepals and petals
• Spike (awn) often present on bracts
• Stamens and ovary hidden inside
bracts (D), called palea and lemma
Poaceae
C
B
A
Poaceae
• When flowering, styles and
anthers hanging out from
spikelets
• Stamens 3
• Style often branched and
plumose (feather-like)
• Fruit a one-seeded ____
(caryopsis)