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Plant Food! Plant Fertilizers. A Brief definition. Horticulture Revision Committee May 2007 August 2008 What IS fertilizer? • It is PLANT FOOD. August 2008 August 2008 Major elements • Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium are the Major elements all plants need. • N-P-K example: 10-10-10 • Required in large amounts. They must be added by applying NPK fertilizer. 10-10-10, or 14-14-14, etc. • Also called the Macronutrients August 2008 3 Major elements nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium August 2008 August 2008 NITROGEN! (N) • MAKES MY LEAVES TURN GREEN • The UPPER or ABOVE GROUND part of the plant! August 2008 PHOSPHORUS! • Feeds the ROOTS! The underground • part of the plant! • Also helps to • promote BLOOMS! August 2008 POTASSIUM! (K) • Potassium is an ALL AROUND element that helps the development of cells, roots, stems and most EVERYTHING to help a plant grow! August 2008 Up! Nitrogen! Down! Phosphorus! All around! Potassium! August 2008 August 2008 Minor elements • Elements that plants need in minor amounts. They may or may not need to be added to the soil. • Calcium, boron, iron and others. • Micronutrients! August 2008 Leaching • It is when the fertilizer nutrients are leached out (washed out) of soil over time from excessive water. • Caused from excessive rain or watering. • This is why you have to keep applying fertilizers to plants. August 2008