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Introduction To Plant Science Introduction To AgriScience and Technology GHS Mr. Ham Objective 1.1 What roles do plants serve in the ecosystem • Plants serve several roles in our ecosystem by providing the following items: –Oxygen –Food –Reduce soil erosion –Medicines Objective 1.2 How plant differ from animal • Plants differ from animals in several ways – Plants produce their own food with the aid of nutrients from the soil. – Plants are stationary. – Plants have rigid cell walls with cell membranes inside. – Plants utilize carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. Objective 1.3 List how plants and animals are alike. • Plants and animals are alike in several ways. – They have a life cycle. – They carry on life processes, such as circulation, respiration and growth. – They are made of cells. – They must have food. Objective 1.4 List three major factors that affect plant growth • Major factors in climate that effect plant growth include: – Temperature • Warm season plants start growing in the spring and finish in the fall. I.e., bananas, oranges, cotton and corn. • Cool season plants have a life cycle that begins in the fall and ends when summer begins. I.e., wheat, rye, and oats. Objective 1.4 (cont.) • Precipitation • Light Objective 1.5 Define life cycle in terms of plants and how they are classified • Life Cycle: refers to the length of the plant’s life. • Plants can be classified into three groups on the basis of their life cycle: – Annuals- complete life within one year. – Biennials- complete life cycle in two years. – Perennials- plants live for more than two years. • Deciduous- plants that lose their leaves in the winter. • Evergreens- plants that retain their leaves year round. – *Plants may be perennials but only used as an annual in the agricultural industry. I.e. cotton Objective 1.6 List the different parts of a plant • Parts of the plants are of two major kinds: – Vegetative • Leaves- makes food for the plant through a process known as photosynthesis. –Blade -Veins –Epidermis -Stomata –Internal cells -Waxy coating –Petiole -Stipule Parts of a Leaf Objective 1.7 List the two different types of leaves • Leaves are divided into two groups: –Simple –Compound Simple Leaf Compound Leaf Objective 1.8 List the three ways leaves attach to the stem • Leaves attach to the stem in several different ways. –Alternate –Opposite –Whorled Alternate Attachment • Opposite Attachment • Whorled Attachment Objective 1.9 List the different functions of the stem • The stem supports the leaves and flowers. • The stem transport water and other materials. • The stems also store food. Objective 1.10 List the different parts of the stem • Bark • Cortex • Phloem • Cambium • Xylem • Pith • Xylem & Pholem • Objective 1.11 List the types and roles of roots • Role of roots – Roots anchor the plant. – Roots take in water and minerals. – Roots store energy. • Types of roots – Taproots – Fibrous roots Taproot Fibrous Root Taproot vs. Fibrous •