Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Earth-Sun The Water Weather Instruments Relationship Cycle Convection Currents Air Pressure Thermal Energy Challenge! 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 Category: Weather Weather Instruments $100 This instrument measures temperature, usually in Fahrenheit and Celsius degrees. Answer thermometer Main Board Weather Instruments $200 This instrument may look like an arrow that points in the wind (the direction from which the wind is blowing to). You may see it on top of a building. Answer wind vane Main Board Weather Instruments $300 Depending on the type of weather system, it may take as much as 10-12 inches of snow to equal 1 inch of rain. Amount of precipitation is measured in this instrument. Answer rain gauge Main Board Weather Instruments $400 One style of this instrument looks like a propeller on an airplane or a K’NEX car, while another style may look like cups revolving around a pole that is perpendicular to the ground. What instrument is this, and what does it measure? Answer An anemometer measures wind speed. Main Board Weather Instruments $500 Which statement is false? A) When air pressure decreases quickly on a barometer, stormy weather may be in the forecast. B) When humidity increases on a hygrometer, stormy weather may be in the forecast. C) When air pressure increases quickly on a barometer, stormy weather may be in the forecast. D) When an anemometer increases speed, stormy weather may be on the way. Answer: C Main Board Earth-Sun Relationship $100 Earth has seasons, because A) it is tilted 23.5° on its axis. B) it has an elliptical orbit. Sometimes Earth is close to the Sun, and sometimes it’s farther away. C) it rotates. Sometimes it’s light outside, and sometimes it’s dark outside. D) it’s boring to have the same seasons all the time. Answer: A Main Board Earth-Sun Relationship $200 The Earth receives the Sun’s rays (energy) at direct angles and at indirect angles, because A) it is tilted 23.5° on its axis. B) there is one Equator, one Prime Meridian, and two poles. C) it rotates and revolves, so it catches rays quickly. D) it is shaped like a sphere (ball). Answer: D Main Board Earth-Sun Relationship $300 The Earth revolves around the Sun in an elliptical (oval) orbit. When the Earth is closest to the Sun in January, the northern hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun. What season is it in North Carolina? A) Spring B) Winter C) Summer D) Fall Answer: B Main Board Earth-Sun Relationship $400 Walter lives in Denver, Colorado. During the school year, he enjoys the seasons in this order: summer, fall, winter, and spring. Kate lives in Sydney, Australia. She attends school at the same time as Walter. During her school year, she enjoys the seasons in this order: A) fall, winter, spring, summer B) winter, fall, spring, summer C) winter, spring, summer, fall D) spring, winter, fall, summer Answer: C Main Board Earth-Sun Relationship $500 What is the North Star and why is it important? A) The North Star helps guide the sun around the Earth. B) This star only can be seen during the summer and winter solstice. C) It controls the speed of the Earths rotation. D) The Earth is always tilted towards this bright star no matter where it is around the sun. Answer: D Main Board The Water Cycle $100 During evaporation, water molecules are: A) heated, moving quickly, rising, expanding B) cooled, moving slowly, sinking, contracting C) heated, moving slowly, rising, stationary D) cooled, moving quickly, late for class Answer: A Main Board The Water Cycle $200 Some scientists include collection as a water cycle stage. In collection, water may: runoff into a body of water; sink into the Earth to become groundwater; or prepare to evaporate quickly again. Including collection, name the four stages of the water cycle in order. Answer: (beginning with any stage): evaporation → condensation → precipitation → collection. Main Board The Water Cycle $300 A warm air mass collides with a cold air mass. Droplets form. 1) Which stage of the water cycle is this? And 2) Give a real world example of this stage of the water cycle. Answer 1) condensation 2) (answers vary: cloud, cold drink in Sun, etc). Main Board The Water Cycle $400 Water vapor has lost its heat. It becomes cold, dense, heavy, and it sinks through the troposphere to Earth’s surface. 1) Name four different forms of water that fall to the Earth. 2) Name two kinds of clouds that precipitate. Answer 1) rain, snow, sleet, hail 2) (answers vary: cumulonimbus, nimbostratus, etc). Main Board The Water Cycle $500 Forecast: “A warm front is moving into North Carolina from the Gulf of Mexico. This low pressure system will bring 2-3 days of long, slow, and steady rain and drizzle. Then, a colder and drier air mass carried by the Jet Stream from the northwest, will clear out these kinds of clouds (1), and replace them with these kinds of clouds (2), making fair weather.” Order and name clouds in air masses 1 & 2. A) 1-cirrus, 2-stratocumulus B) 1-cumulonimbus, 2-stratus C) 1-nimbostratus, 2-cirrus D) 1-cumulus, 2-cirrusly? Answer: C Main Board Convection Currents $100 Which best describes why winds at the beach change direction between day and night? A. Because cool air sinks and stays in place over land B. Because cool air rises and is replaced by warm air from the ocean C. Because warm air over land sinks and stays in place over land D. Because the temperatures over land and water change Answer: B Main Board Convection Currents $200 Explain how smoke from a fire can be an example of a convection current. Answer: Answer will vary. Main Board Convection Currents $300 What is most responsible for the uneven heating of the air in the atmosphere? A. Radiation B. Convection C. Conduction D. Condensation Answer: B Main Board Convection Currents $400 Convection may occur through air (gas) and water (liquid). The Gulf Stream ocean current travels north from Florida to Canada. How may this affect weather in Canada? Answer Canada may have warmer weather. Main Board Convection Currents $500 In Finding Nemo, Marlin, Dory, Crush, and Squirt navigate the superhighway of the waters, the Eastern Australian Current (along the eastern coast of Australia), to rescue Nemo. They swam the EAC from near the Great Barrier Reef south to Sydney Harbour. How can the EAC be called a warm ocean current if sea turtles and fish are swimming south, toward the South Pole? Answer: In the Southern hemisphere, warm ocean currents bring heat from the Equator to the south. Cold ocean currents travel north from the South Pole to the Equator. All of this is opposite of ocean currents in the Northern hemisphere. Main Board Air Pressure $100 A warm air mass is approaching. As a meteorologist, you must know about the properties of air. Which description of warm air is correct? A) Warm air = less dense, light, rises, expands B) Warm air = less dense, heavy, sinks, contracts C) Warm air = more dense, light, rises, expands D) Warm air = more dense, heavy, sinks, contracts Answer: A Main Board Air Pressure $200 Which of the following is false? A) B) C) D) Air takes up space. Cold air takes up more space than warm air. Air weighs something. Air has pressure. Answer: B Main Board Air Pressure $300 The atmosphere is an ocean of air. Think of the air in the atmosphere as if it were all organized into columns (like the columns in your convection box). The bottom of the column has the most air, and the top of the column has the least air. If warm air rises, then why is it colder on the peak of Mount Everest than at the base? A) B) C) D) Because of the snow at the mountain peak. Snow is cold. Because the Jet Stream brings cold air from the North Pole. Because no people live there. People exhale carbon dioxide, which produces heat. Because there is less air higher up in the column, which means that there is less air to hold heat. Air pressure is low. Answer: D Main Board Air Pressure $400 If cold air is more dense than warm air, then cold air should have more oxygen molecules than warm air. So, then why is it so hard to breathe at the top of Mount Everest? A) B) C) D) Because most mountain climbers are out of shape, and forget to bring their oxygen tanks. Because the snow brings the O from oxygen to make more H2O, which makes more precipitation. Because there is less air higher up in the column, which means there is less air to breathe. Because the climbers’ breath has been taken away by the beautiful aerial views of the cumulus clouds below them. Answer: C Main Board Air Pressure $500 Which weather change is most likely indicated by a rapidly falling air pressure? A. clearing and fair skies B. approaching storm C. below freezing temperatures D. approaching dry, hot heat wave Answer: B Main Board Thermal Energy $100 Which of the following is an example of convection: A. B. C. D. A chocolate bar melting in your hand Hot air rising in your living room Hot wax melting from a stick over a flame Heat on your hand from a candle Answer: B Main Board Thermal Energy $200 Conduction – heat transfer through two things touching Convection – heat transfer through liquids & gases Radiation – heat transfer through space Read the definitions of the three different kinds of thermal energy above. Give one example of each kind of thermal energy, and a briefly justify your reasoning. Answers Vary Main Board Thermal Energy $300 Who experiences all three kinds of heat transfer? A) Jorie swims in an outdoor pool on a fair weather day in July, and uses the metal ladder to get out of the pool. B) Gabrial pushes a lawn mower to cut the grass on a fair weather day in July, and feels a cool sea breeze on his face, because he lives near Lake Michigan. C) Laney builds a snowman in the melting snow on a sunny day. She is breathing heavily, and it looks like her breath is rising. During break, her mother hands her a cup of hot chocolate. Answer: All Three! (A, B, & C) Main Board Thermal Energy $400 What happens to metal railroad tracks during the heat of the summer day? A. Decrease in weight B. Increase in weight C. Decrease in length D. Increase in length Answer: D Main Board Thermal Energy $500 Pasqualina was tired from work. She wanted to take a hot bath to relax. She filled the bathtub with very hot water. Oh no! She forgot to run her errand to the bank. When she came back home, her bathwater was bathroom temperature. Why? A) B) C) D) The hot bathwater lost heat to the cooler bathroom air. The cool bathroom air was warmed by the hot bathwater. Her son put two ice cubes in the bathtub as a joke. Both A & B are correct, because temperature reached equilibrium, or balance, over time. Answer: D Main Board Challenge $100 Harold has warmed some serving plates in the oven before serving a nice meal to his family on them. The most likely reason why Harold is warming the serving plates is: (Explain your answer.) A) Harold does not want the serving plates to crack when he places hot food on them. B) Harold wants his brothers and sisters to learn not to grab hot plates. C) The warm plates will help keep the food warmer for a longer time. D) By warming the plates, Harold can cool the food in them enough for the family to eat it. Answer: C Main Board Challenge $200 You are flying to Helena, the capital of Montana. When you are flying you notice ice crystals on the window. What process of the water cycle is responsible for the formation of these? A. Transpiration B. Evaporation C. Condensation D. Precipitation Answer: C Main Board Challenge $300 This symbol is on a weather map and shows wind speed. The lines represent feathers. A short feather is 5 knots. A long feather is 10 knots and a triangular feather is 50 knots. What is the wind speed based on this diagram. A) B) C) D) 70 knots 60 knots 10 knots 50 knots Answer: A Main Board Challenge $400 There is a cold ocean current that runs past California. How would that affect precipitation? A)Cold currents cause more clouds and less rain. B) Cold currents cause more rain because of less clouds. C) Cold currents cause less rain because of less cloud formation. D)Cold currents cause more cloud formation and more rain. Answer: C Main Board Challenge $500 Knowing that the weather in the United States moves west to east, where do you think you could find the United States on this map? Answers vary: Main Board