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Download Factors that Affect Climate
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Identify six factors that affect climate and explain how each affects climate. HIGH LATITUDES LOW LATITUDES HIGH LATITUDES Examples: LOW LATITUDE • Miami, Florida • Dallas, Texas • Mexico • Brazil HIGH LATITUDE • Detroit, Michigan • Fargo, North Dakota • Canada • Greenland How does latitude affect climate? increases the average As latitude ________, decreases annual temperature _________. further you get from the The _______ colder it gets. equator, the ________ Page 14 of the ESRTs We live in the troposphere. Temperature decreases with elevation. During summer, temperature is strongly controlled by altitude -- cold at the higher reaches of the Alaska and Brooks Ranges, and warmer in the lowlands. How does altitude affect climate? Temperature increases the average As altitude _________, annual temperature __________. decreases Altitude Climate is more MILD (less fluctuation) CLOSE to large body of water. Climate is more SEVERE (more fluctuation) FAR from large body of water. How does distance from a large body of water affect climate? moderates the temperature. Water __________ Cooler summers. _______ Warmer winters. _______ Cities A & B are located at the same latitude. City B is closer to a large body of water. Its temperature line is flatter (moderated). Example: Westmanna, Iceland 63° N, 20° W Hebron, Labrador 58° N, 63° W How do ocean currents affect climate? Warm Currents: warmer climate Cold Currents: cooler climate Polar Easterlies Westerlies Trade Winds Trade Winds Westerlies Polar Easterlies The Great Lakes Winds generally blow from west to east across the Great Lakes. The winds pick up moisture that evaporates from the lakes. As a result, areas that are downwind can receive large amounts of snow. What is the name of this wind belt? How do prevailing winds affect climate? Winds that blow inland from oceans or water vapor large lakes carry more ____________ than winds that blow over land. The amount of water vapor in the air mass rain influences how much ____________ or snow ____________ will fall. Most precipitation occurs on the WINDWARD side of the mountain. Madagascar Can you tell which way the wind blows in this region? As the moist air goes over the mountain, the temperature drops so it rains. How do mountains affect climate? moist Windward Side: ___________ dry Leeward Side: _____________
