Download Winds of the World

Survey
yes no Was this document useful for you?
   Thank you for your participation!

* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project

Document related concepts
no text concepts found
Transcript
Winds of the World
Global and Local Winds
1
Global Winds
Global winds are a part of air circulation that
moves across the Earth.
2
They are formed from the uneven heating of
the Earth and the resulting pressure
differences.
Polar Easterlies


Location: found from the poles down to 60
degrees latitude in N & S hemispheres
Facts:
–
–
3
Formed from cold, sinking air moving down from
the poles
Responsible for the cold weather in the US
4
Westerlies


Location: between 30 & 60 degrees latitude,
in both N & S hemispheres
Facts:
–
–
–
–
5
Flow toward the poles from west to east
Can carry moist air over the US, producing rain &
snow
Helped settlers return to Europe
Influences your weather
6
Trade winds


Location: 30 degrees to the equator in both
hemispheres
Facts:
–
Coriolis effect causes the trades to curve


–
7
Curve to west in NH
Curve to east in SH
Early traders used the TW to sail from Europe to
America
8
The Doldrums


Location: 0 degrees latitude; @ equator
Facts:
–
–
–
9
Means dull or sluggish
Form where trade winds meet
Very little wind because the warm, rising air @
the equator creates an area of low pressure
(remember air moves from high to low pressure,
so there is NO wind if there is no high pressure)
10
The Horse Latitudes


Location: @ 30 degrees latitude in both
hemispheres
Facts:
–
–
–
11
Sinking air creates an area of high pressure, creating weak
winds
Legend says the horse latitudes got their name because the
weak winds stranded horse-trading ships coming from
Europe to America
To survive the sailors on the ships threw the horses
overboard to save food and water
12
Jet Streams

Location: upper troposphere & lower
stratosphere

Facts:
–
–
–
–
13
Narrow belts of winds
Do not follow regular paths
Can reach speeds of 400km/h
Affect the movement of storms & planes
14
Local Winds:

Types:
–
–
–
–
15
Land Breezes
Sea Breezes
Mountain Breezes
Valley Breezes


Local winds can move
from any direction but
only move short
distances.
They are formed from
the uneven heating of
the Earth and pressure
differences
Sea Breeze


Location: air moves from the sea to the
land
Facts: (During the day)
–
–
–
16
Air over water is cooler & creates high pressure.
Cool, dense air moves toward land, creating a
sea breeze.
Air over land is warmer, so the warm air rises,
creating low pressure over land.
Land Breeze

Location: air moves from the land to the sea

Facts: (During the night)
–
–
–
17
Air over land is cooler & creates high pressure.
Cool air moves toward the sea, creating a land
breeze.
Air over the sea is warmer, so it rises creating low
pressure.
18
Mountain Breeze

Location: cool air sinks from the mountain
top into the valley below

Facts:
–
–
19
Mountain tops cool faster than valleys at night.
Cold air is dense (heavier) so it sinks from the
mountain tops into the valleys below creating a
mountain breeze.
Animation of mountain breezes
20
Valley Breeze

Location: warm air moves up the mountain
from the valley below

Facts:
–
–
21
The sun heats the valley floor & warms the air
above it.
The warm air rises creating a valley breeze.
Animation of valley breeze
22
Higher Order Thinking Skills
Questions (HOTS)
23

How are areas of high and low pressure created?

Knowing that air moves from areas of high pressure to areas of
low pressure, which direction should the winds of the Earth
move—in what direction from where?

Why doesn’t the wind flow in one huge belt from the poles to
the equator?

Why doesn’t wind blow directly north or south?