Download Chapter 3-1 and 2

DO NOW
• Grab your folder.
• Check the nameless papers on the board.
If it’s yours, write your name and turn it
back in to me.
• Review for the quiz with your group!
– 5 themes- definitions, types, examples
– Parts of a map
– Processes shaping the earth- water cycle,
plate movement, vocab
Chapter 3: Section 1 and 2
Seasons
• Caused by earth’s tilt and revolution
around sun
• Earth tilted at 23.5 degrees in relation to
sun
•http://www.videojug.com/film/why-does-the-earth-have-seasons
Equinox
• Twice a year, Mar 21/Sept 23
• Days and nights all over the world are
equal in length
Solstice
• Summer-Longest Day of Year
• Winter-Shortest Day of Year
SOLSTICES
SUMMER, JUNE 21
WINTER, DECEMBER 21
Where are the
overhead rays of the
sun on these days?
Which parts of the
earth are in darkness
and light? For how
long?
Weather vs. Climate
• Weather-condition of atmosphere at a
particular location and time
• Climate-weather conditions at a particular
location over a long period of time
Precipitation
• Convectional-caused by heated, rising air
• Orographic-mountains block moist air
forcing it to rise
• Frontal-occurs when cold fronts push up
warm fronts.
Hurricanes (Typhoons)
• Form over warm, tropical ocean waters
• Hurricanes typically blow west.
Tornado
• Powerful funnel-shaped column of
spiraling air
• Form quickly and without warning
Blizzard
• Heavy snowstorm with winds of more than
35 mph and reduced visibility
Drought/Flood
• Drought-Long period of time without rain
or very minimal rainfall
• Flood-water spreads over land not
normally covered with water
Do Now
• Some people moved around. Check your
seat!
• Grab your folder.
• Share your paragraph with your group.
– What processes helped shaped Earth’s
climate, landforms, and plant life?
Climate-Wind Currents
• Distributes sun’s heat from one part of the
world to another through convection
Climate-Ocean Currents
• Like rivers flowing in ocean
• Warm water flows from equator toward
poles
Climate-Zones of Latitude
• Low/Tropical
– Tropic of Cancer to Tropic of Capricorn
– hot all year long
– rainy or dry
• Middle/Temperate
– between tropics and polar regions
– climate varies greatly
• High/Polar
– encircle North and South Poles
– cold all year long
Elevation
• Higher=colder
• Every 1000 ft. temperature drops 3.5
degrees
Topography
• Landforms affect climate
• Mountains
– Temperature
– Precipitation
El Niño/La Niña
• Warming of the waters off the west coast
of South America
• Natural change in climate
• Brings heavy rains to Americas
• La Niña is reverse-it brings heavy rain to
western Pacific
Global Warming
• Air temperature is rising
• Increased 1 degree in last 100 years
• Greenhouse effect-layer of gases released
by burning of coal and petroleum traps
solar energy