Download Fields of Science - Herrin High School

Chapter 19 Worksheets
Place these answers onto your paper.
19.1 While You Read
1. Elevation
Increasing elevation leads to
______________ air pressure.
decreasing
19.1 While You Read
2. Temperature
Decreasing temperature leads to
________________ air pressure.
increasing
19.1 While You Read
3. Humidity
Increasing humidity leads to
__________________ air pressure.
decreasing
19.1 After You Read
1. Define air pressure. Then describe the likely
weather in both high-and low-pressure conditions.
Air pressure is the weight of the atmosphere pushing on
surfaces.
High pressure causes fair, cool, and dry conditions.
Low pressure causes cloudy, warm, and humid air with
possible precipitation.
19.1 After You Read
2. Name and describe a way to measure
air pressure.
A mercury barometer uses the height of
mercury in a glass column to measure
the surrounding pressure; the greater
the pressure, the higher the mercury
rises.
19.2 While you Read
a) Coriolis effect: pushes winds to their
right in Northern Hemisphere and to
the left in the Southern Hemisphere.
b) Creates clockwise spiral of winds in a
high-pressure area
c) Creates counter-clockwise spiral of
winds in a low-pressure area.
19.2 While You Read
Friction:
a) Lessens impact of Coriolis effect,
allowing winds to blow on truer course
b) Greater effect over flat land than hilly
land
c) Greatest effect over the ocean
d) Effect on winds decreases with
elevation
19.2 After You Read
1. Define the jet stream and explain the
effect friction has on it.
The jet stream is a band of fast-moving
winds that flow west to east and can
encircle the globe. Because the winds
are so high up in the troposphere,
friction does not slow the jet stream.
19.3 While You Read
1. Explain how warm and cool air circulate through the
cells of the three-celled circulation model. Discuss
how the Coriolis effect changes the direction of the
air as it circulates.
In each cell, warm air circulates toward the poles and
cool air circulates toward the equator. In the Northern
Hemisphere, the Coriolis effect pushes the warm air
and the cool air east. In the Southern Hemisphere,
this effect is reversed. The circulation direction
alternates from cell to cell.
19.3 After You Read
Temp
Pressure
Surface
Winds
0° - 30°
hottest
low
Least wind;
easterly
30° - 60°
hot
high
Little wind;
westerly
60° - 90°
warm
low
Steady wind;
easterly
90°
coldest
high
Steady wind;
easterly
19.4 While You Read
Sea-breeze circulation: During the day,
land heats up more quickly than water
does.
Lan-breeze circulation: At night, land
cools more quickly than water does.
19.4 After You Read
Describe monsoon winds and explain how
the effects of both the seasons and the
continents combine to create these
winds.
Monsoon winds are prevailing winds that
change direction seasonally. They are
caused by temperature differences
between land and water. Summer
brings rainy weather; winter brings dry
weather.