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Aphis gossypii
ANIMALIA
KINGDOM :
•
PHYLUM : •
ARTHOPODA
SUBPHYLUM: HEXAPODA •
CLASS: INSECTA
•
FAMILY: APHIDIDAE •
ORDO : HOMOPTERA•
GENUS:
Aphis
•
•
SPECIES: Aphis gossypii•
DISTRIBUTION
@. This insect is completely cosmopolitan.
It is known be present in Australia,
zil, East Indies, Hawaii, and south Africa.
is aphid is far more common and injurious in the
Southern and Western States.
@. Aphid survey has been conducted since
88 to April, 1997. That found they are
teen aphid species were recorded for the
first time in Saudi Arabia
ryhim, Y. N.//A. F. Khalil. King Saud Univ.
Agric. Sci)
HOSTS
@. The cotton or melon aphid attacks a wide variety of
plants.
@. Economically important plants that are attacked
include cucumber, egg plant, asparagus, peppers.
BIOLOGY
Characteristics
- Members of the Aphididae are soft- bodied, pear
shaped insect called aphids.
- Wing are not always present. Aphid sucking mouthparts
- They have cornicles, projecting from the posterior of the
abdomen.
- Aphid secret liquid honey dew, which is used as food by
nts, honey bees. A common misconception is that honey dew
secreted by the cornicles.
Eggs.
In temperate regions this aphid over winters as
eggs.
The shiny black eggs are often laid on the bark of fruit
trees.
Nymphs
This insect has four nymph stages separate by molts, Each stage
lasts from 1-3 days for a total nymph
period of 4-12
days.
Nymphs resemble adults except for their smaller size. They do
not have wings.
Adults
Adult melon aphids are soft bodied insect.
They are pear shaped and range from 1/16 to 1/4 inch
in length.
Color varies from yellowish green, to
brownish green, to almost black. Adult female produce
8-22 young per day.
SYMPTOM
Aphid feed by sucking sap from their host. Infested leaves
often become cupped downwards and may appear wrinkled.
Heavy infestation on some hosts may results in wilting,
young plants may have reduced or stunted growth.
Aphids vector many plant disease which cause substantially
greater losses than damage caused by direct feeding injury.
The melon aphid is an important vector of aver 50 plant
viruses.
MANAGEMENT
Non-Chemical Control
re several beneficial insect that help to
ntrol aphid populations through:
Parasitism
to this aphid include Aphelinus gossypii
berlake) and Lysiphlebus testaceipes
(Cresson)
Predation
f the predators include Chrysopa spp.
Coelophora inaqualis (Fabricus)
Chemical Control
des should be used sparingly
njunction with non-chemical control
methods.
bility of aphid populations influence by:
fan, Esfenvalerate, Methomyl
lfan as the best choice for aphid control
(Hollingsworth,et
al.,1994).
- Damage on the asparagus and
pepper leaves
Aphid population on other host;
CINARA SPECIES
Predator beetle
REFERENCES
im, Y. N.//A. F. Khalil.1998. New in aphids from Saudi
Arabia. King Saud Univ. Agric. Sci
Blackman, R.L. and V.F.Eastop. Aphis gossypii
Glover.1984
H.S. and O.L Brawner.1975. Control of brown Soft
e in central valley. Citrograph. 60(11): 402-40
R.I.B., D.W.Mossop and T.Hatta.1979.Cucumber Mozaic
scriptions of plant viruses No.213
ngsworth, R.G., B.E. Tabashnik, et. al. Resistance of
ossypii (Homoptera: Aphididae) Spatial Pattern and
n to insecticide use. J. Econ.Entomol.82(2):293300