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Chapter 8: Biodiversity and
Habitat
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Value of Biodiversity
Pace and Processes of Extinction
Causes of Biodiversity Loss
Conservation of Biodiversity
Critical Issues for the Future
© John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Exploitation, Conservation, Preservation 4e
Cutter and Renwick 2003
The Value of Biodiversity
• Ecological Interactions
• Potential Resources
• The Inherent Value of Species
© John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Exploitation, Conservation, Preservation 4e
Cutter and Renwick 2003
Pace and Processes of Extinction
Figure 8.1: Species at risk in the U.S., 2000.
© John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Exploitation, Conservation, Preservation 4e
Cutter and Renwick 2003
Threatened and Endangered Species
U.S. and World
Figure 8.2: Threatened and endangered species by type, 2000.
© John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Exploitation, Conservation, Preservation 4e
Cutter and Renwick 2003
Causes of Biodiversity Loss
• Major Causes
– Habitat Modification
– Species Introductions
– Hunting
• Local or Regional Causes
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Pollution
Diseases and parasites
Consumption and trade
Global warming
© John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Exploitation, Conservation, Preservation 4e
Cutter and Renwick 2003
Conservation of Biodiversity
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Species Preservation
Habitat Conservation
The Endangered Species Act
The Convention on Biological
Diversity
© John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Exploitation, Conservation, Preservation 4e
Cutter and Renwick 2003
Model Biosphere Reserve
Figure 8.6: Biosphere reserves typically include core habitat, a
buffer zone, and an area transitional to surrounding landscapes.
© John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Exploitation, Conservation, Preservation 4e
Cutter and Renwick 2003
U.S. Public Land
Figure 8.8: Federal lands in the U.S., managed both for preservation
and conservation. Does not include state or local lands.
© John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Exploitation, Conservation, Preservation 4e
Cutter and Renwick 2003
Biodiversity: Critical Issues
for the Future
© John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Exploitation, Conservation, Preservation 4e
Cutter and Renwick 2003
ISSUES
• 8.1: The Mass Extinction of
Freshwater Mussels
• 8.2: Ecotourism: Loving Wild Places to
Death
© John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Exploitation, Conservation, Preservation 4e
Cutter and Renwick 2003