Download Classification

EVOLUTION &
CLASSIFICATION
CLASSIFICATION
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Grouping organisms based on similarities.
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This is the science of TAXONOMY
Classification is based on common
ancestors with:
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Similar structures/anatomy
Similar biochemical makeup
Similar embryonic development
TAXONOMY
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KINGDOM
PHYLUM
CLASS
ORDER
FAMILY
GENUS
SPECIES*
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(least similar)
(most similar)
*NOTE: members of the same SPECIES can mate and
produce fertile offspring.
BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE
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We use a 2 part naming system to identify
an organism, using their GENUS and
SPECIES.
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Ex. Humans are Homo sapien
THE KINGDOMS
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Monera
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Single-celled organisms
Heterotrophs
No nucleus (prokaryotic)
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Ex. Bacteria
THE KINGDOMS
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Protista (Protists)
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Two different groups
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Heterotrophs (protozoa)
Autotrophs (alga)
Single-celled organisms
Have a nucleus (eukaryotic)
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Ex.
 Amoeba (heterotroph)
 Algae (autotroph)
THE KINGDOMS
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Fungi
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Multi-cellular
Heterotrophs (non-photosynthetic)
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Ex. Mushrooms & Yeast
 There are 14,000 different
species of mushroom
THE KINGDOMS
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Plant
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Multi-cellular
Autotrophs
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Ex. Tree & Bush
THE KINGDOMS
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Animal
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Multi-cellular
Heterotrophs
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Ex. Birds
THE ANIMAL KINGDOM
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Divided into different phyla.
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Coelentrates
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Hollow body cavity with one opening
 Ex. Jellyfish & Hydra
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Annelids
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Segmented bodies & tube within a tube body cavity
 Ex. Earthworm
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Arthropods
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Segmented bodies, jointed legs, exoskeleton
 Ex. Grasshopper & Lobster
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Chordates
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Have a backbone with dorsal nerve
 Ex. Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals