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Phylum Cnidaria The Cnidarians • • • • • 9000+ species Jellyfish Sea anemones Corals Hydra Characteristics • Entirely aquatic, mostly marine • Radial symmetry, no definite head • Nematocysts: stinging cells used for predation and protection Two Body Forms Polyp Medusa Sessile, attached, cylindrical Bell or umbrella shaped, can swim with jet propulsion More Characteristics • Tissue level of organization • No coelom • Gastrovascular cavity with one opening for digestion and circulation • Reproduction is both sexual and asexual • Asexual: budding in polyps • Sexual: gametes in all medusa and some polyps Phylum Cnidaria Phylum Cnidaria Class Hydrozoa Class Scyphozoa Class Cubozoa Class Anthozoa Class Hydrozoa • “water serpent” • Solitary or colonial • Hydra: basal disc for attachment • Obelia • Portugese man-of-war Class Scyphozoa • “Cup Animal” • Solitary • Bell shaped medusa: bell may 2 meter diameter, tentacles up to 70 meters long • jellyfish Class Cubozoa • Cube jellyfish • Bell is square • Used to be considered a subclass of Scyphozoa Class Anthozoa • “Flower Animal” • All polyps • Flower like appearance • Coral • Sea anemones • Sea fans Sea Fan Sea Anemone Coral Reefs • Coral reefs are formations of calcium carbonate (limestone) • Deposited over thousands of years • Living plants and animals are on the top layer • More is being constantly deposited
