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BIOMES By: Ruchika Nayak and Holly Huo There are 5 different types of Biomes ● ● ● ● ● Aquatic Desert Tundra Grassland And, FORESTS! Aquatic biomes ● Fresh water biomes o Pond o Lakes o Streams o Rivers o Wetlands ● Salt water biomes o Oceans o Coral reefs o Estuaries Desert Biomes ● Hot and dry: It is very hot in the summer. The winters usually bring little rainfall. ● Semiarid: Summers are moderately long and dry. Nights have a cooler temperature. ● Coastal: Moderately cool to warm areas such as the Nearctic and Neotropical realm. ● Cold: Cold and long winters. High overall rainfall. Tundra Biome ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Extremely cold climate Low biotic diversity Simple vegetation structure Limitation of drainage Short season of growth and reproduction Energy and nutrients in the form of dead organic material Large population oscillations Grassland Biome ● Savanna: a grassland with scattered individual trees. ● Temperate grassland: have grasses as the dominant vegetation ● Steppes: dry areas of grassland with hot summers and cold winters Forest Biomes ● Tropical: Has the greatest diversity of species. Lush, lots of rainforest. ● Temperate: Characterized by well-defined seasons with a distinct winter characterize this forest biome ● Boreal (Taiga): Represent the largest terrestrial biome. Warm summers and long, cold, and dry winters. The Importance of Biomes Because we share the world with many other species of plants and animals, we must consider the consequences of our actions. Over the past several decades, increasing human activity has rapidly destroyed or polluted many ecological habitats throughout the world. It is important to preserve all types of biomes as each houses many unique forms of life. However, the continued heavy exploitation of certain biomes, such as the forest and aquatic, may have more severe implications.Thus, conservation and preservation of biomes should be a major concern to all. Connection #1 Genetic and species basis of biodiversity in forest ecosystems ● Forests are one of the types of biomes that are on Earth. Tropical forest have the greatest biodiversity and they are the largest and most complex systems. They have a lot of different species of animals and plants but many different species are disappearing due to deforestation. Connection #2 Trees from the forest biomes are being conserved so that we can get the forest genetic resources ● Genetic diversity is shown in many different species of trees on Earth. Different trees have different genetic makeup and differences in genes can help us in many ways (medicine, fuel, etc.) Connection #3 Biotic and abiotic factor can be impacted by climate change in the forests ● The climates in the forests are very distinct. Tropical rainforests for example only have two seasons, a wet season and a dry season. Most of these tropical rainforests don’t have a lot of temperature change, they usually have a five degree temperature difference between the warmest and coldest day of the year. This show that if there was any change in the climate in these areas, the plant and animal species will most likely not be able to live. Connection #4 The Forest Service and other agencies eliminate the natural forests (through clearcutting), and replace them with artificial stands of genetically similar tree seedlings. They grow these trees in monoculture plantations for wood, chips or pulp. This can cause soil erosion and nutrient loss. Connection #5 Forests help us have clean air due to the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. So deforestation of forests, throws this cycle out of balance. Furthermore, the wood debris and other unimportant particles and burned during the deforestation process which causes major air pollution. Connection #6 Clear cutting effects our forest biomes. The existing natural forest, with its biodiversity of plant and animal species, and the clean water and clean air it produces, is entirely eliminated. This can cause damage to the wildlife species and biodiversity in the forest. PROS CONS ● Companies use selection management which only cuts individual or small amount of trees in periodic intervals (like every 10 yrs) ● Timber companies practice selection management on their own land because it is good financial management. ● Some governments protect the last Ancient Forests, Roadless forest areas, streamsides, second growth areas with critically important ecological values as core areas. AND ● ● ● ● Regeneration of trees through clear cutting is usually a failure. The Forest Service plants genetically mutated seedlings.. So these forests are not natural. Artificial trees are not a good replacement for a natural forest because these tree stands must be intensively managed against nature. In addition artificially managed forests are not economically successful replacements for natural forests. the Forest Service has lost an astounding $365 million in the past year. Thanks! Work Cited ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Grassland Forest Tundra Desert Aquatic Connection Connection Connection Connection Connection Connection #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6