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Energy in Mechanical and
Fluid Sysems II
5.2
I. Gravitational Potential Energy
A. PEg = mgh
B. Gravitational potential energy =
(mass)(gravitational acceleration)(height)
II. Elastic Potential Energy
A. Elasticity—an object’s or material’s
tendency to return to its original shape after
being stretched.
B. Equilibrium position—unstretched position
C. Spring constant (k)—force per unit distance
D. PEelastic = ½ kx2
E. Elastic Potential Energy = ½ (spring
constant)(spring displacement)2
F. Simple Harmonic Motion—spring
alternately converting potential and
kinetic energies.
G. Examples of Elastic Potential Energy
1. Compressed golf ball
2. Bow and stretched string
3. Bent pole of pole vaulter
4. Rubber band
III. Bernoulli’s Principle and Equation
A. As the velocity of a fluid increases, the
pressure in the fluid decreases.
B. P1 + ρgh1 + ½ ρv12 = P2 + ρgh2 + ½
ρv22
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