Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Jerk (physics) wikipedia , lookup
Fictitious force wikipedia , lookup
Centrifugal force wikipedia , lookup
Rigid body dynamics wikipedia , lookup
Classical central-force problem wikipedia , lookup
Newton's laws of motion wikipedia , lookup
Minkowski diagram wikipedia , lookup
MAY THE FORCE OF PHYSICS BE WITH YOU Bell Ringer! What is the weight of a 46.2 gram bird? m = 46.2 g = .0462 kg F = ma, F = (.0462 kg)(9.8 N/kg) = 0.453 N Net Force – Example 1 Finding acceleration 9.0 N 5.0 kg 17.0 N F = ma Making to the right + <+17.0 N – 9.0 N> = (5.0kg)a 8.0 N = (5.0kg)a a = (8.0 N)/(5.0kg) = 1.6 m/s/s Net Force – Example 2 unknown force Some other force is acting on the block F = ?? 35.0 kg Finding an 450. N a = 9.0 m/s/s F = ma Making to the right + <+450. N + F> = (35.0kg)(+9.0 m/s/s) 450. N + F = 315 N F = 315 N - 450. N = -135 N (to the left) Check on Learning Get your whiteboards and calculators ready! Find the acceleration: 3.0 N 5.0 kg 7.0 N F = ma Making to the right + <7.0 N – 3.0 N> = (5.0kg)a 4.0 N = (5.0kg)a a = .80 m/s/s Find the acceleration: 3.0 N 23.0 kg 6.0 N 5.0 N F = ma <5.0 N – 3.0 N – 6.0 N> = (23.0kg)a -4.0 N = (23.0kg)a a = -.1739 = -.17 m/s/s Find the other force: F = ?? 452 kg 67.3 N a = .12 m/s/s F = ma <67.3 N + F> = (452 kg)(.12 m/s/s) <67.3 N + F> = 54.24 N F = 54.24 N - 67.3 N F = -13.06 = -13 N A scalar is simply a number, a magnitude alone. A force is usually shown as a vector, which includes both magnitude and a direction. Force (or free-body) diagrams show the relative magnitude and direction of all forces acting upon an object. The object must be isolated and “free” of its surroundings. Bell Ringer Calculate your weight in Newtons. HINT: You are going to need to convert your weight from pounds (lbs) first… This is a free-body diagram of the Statue of Liberty. She is represented by a simple box. The forces acting on her are labeled with a magnitude and the arrow shows direction. Notice the surrounding objects are stripped away and the forces acting on the object are shown. 2207250 N 2207250 N W here represents the force of the weight of an object. W =2207250 N N is the normal force, which represents the force the ground is pushing back up on the object. N = 2207250 N (Positive y-direction) +y Think of the diagram on an XY plane. W = 496210 N If “up” is assumed to be the positive direction, then N is positive and W is negative. N = 496210 N +x (Positive x-direction) is (Positive y-direction) +y W+N ( is the Greek symbol for “sum” ) 2207250 N -2207250 N 2207250 N 2207250 N The sum of the forces in the y is zero. +x (Positive x-direction) The forces acting on the object cancel each other out. •We know F = m * a, where “a” is acceleration. •If a = 0, then F = m * 0 = 0. •When F = 0, the object is not accelerating. •We can then say that the forces acting on the object cancel each other out and it is in a state of static equilibrium. Bell Ringer What do each of the terms stand for? • Fnorm (Normal force) = ground reaction force. always perpendicular to the ground. (N) • Fgrav • Ffriction • Fair • Ftens or T (Tension)- pulling force exerted by (Weight) (Friction) (Air resistance) – force of the air friction a chain, cable, rope, or string on an object Create a free body diagram (FBD) for each of the following situations. Draw a FBD of the gorilla: N W Sitting Gorilla Free Body Diagram of the Sitting Gorilla (The box represents the gorilla, W = weight of the gorilla, N = Normal force) Create a free body diagram (FBD) for each of the following situations. Draw a FBD of the gorilla: W N This is also an acceptable diagram. Sitting Gorilla Draw a FBD of the wooden swing: T1 T2 W Parrot on wooden swing hung by ropes Free Body Diagram of the wooden swing (The box represents the wooden swing, W = weight of the swing and the parrot, T represents the ropes that are in tension supporting the weight) Draw a FBD of the ring at point C: A B C TCA TCB D TCD Traffic Light supported by cables Free Body Diagram of the ring at point C (T represents the force of the cables that are in tension acting on the ring) Draw a FBD of the traffic light: A B TCD C D W Traffic Light supported by cables Free Body Diagram of the traffic light (TCD represents the force of the cables acting on the light and W is the weight acting on the light) Class work. Draw free body diagrams for the following scenarios. 1. A book is at rest on a tabletop. A free-body diagram for this situation looks like this: 2. A girl is suspended motionless from the ceiling by two ropes. A free-body diagram for this situation looks like this: 4. An egg is free-falling from a nest in a tree. A free-body diagram for this situation looks like this: 5. A rightward force is applied to a book in order to move it across a desk with a rightward acceleration. Consider frictional forces. A freebody diagram for this situation looks like this: 6. A rightward force is applied to a book in order to move it across a desk at constant velocity. Consider frictional forces. Neglect air resistance. A freebody diagram for this situation looks like this: 7. A college student rests a backpack upon his shoulder. The pack is suspended motionless by one strap from one shoulder. A free-body diagram for this situation looks like this: 8. A skydiver is descending with a constant velocity. Consider air resistance. A freebody diagram for this situation looks like this: 9. A force is applied to the right to drag a sled across loosely packed snow with a rightward acceleration. A free-body diagram for this situation looks like this: 10. A football is moving upwards towards its peak after having been booted by the punter. A free-body diagram for this situation looks like this: 11. A car is coasting to the right and slowing down. A freebody diagram for this situation looks like this: