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Biomechanics of Jumping Biomechanics of Jumping Applications Sports that Focus on Jumping Sports that Depend on Jumping Maximimizing Vertical Height Maximimizing Horizontal Displacement Landing Biomechanics of Jumping The Body as a Projectile Center of Gravity Follows a Parabola Acted Upon by Gravity Body May Move Around the C of G Rarely Influenced by air resistance Biomechanics of Jumping Factors Determining Path of C of G Velocity at Take-off Angle of Trajectory at Take-off Height of C of G at Take-off Aerodynamic factors Biomechanics of Jumping Maximizing Vertical Height Velocity at Take-off …….maximize, but Angle of Trajectory at Take-off………..90 degrees, but Height of C of G at Take-off…………as high as possible, but Key – Velocity compromised to optimize take-of angle Key – Adjust body position in flight to optimize relationship to C of G Biomechanics of Jumping Maximizing Horizontal Displacement Velocity at Take-off …….maximize, but Angle of Trajectory at Take-off………..90 degrees, but Height of C of G at Take-off…………as high as possible, but Key – Velocity optimized and take-of angle compromised Key – Role of the free arm and free leg Biomechanics of Jumping Aerodynamics The Extent of the Influence is a Function of the Relative Velocity Examples – Long Jumper and Headwind – Drag Ski Jump and Headwind - Lift Biomechanics of Jumping Landing Basic Objective – Change the Body’s Momentum to Zero Impulse = Force x Time As Time Increase Force Decreases Factors – Joint Motions Landing Surface Compliance Other ………