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Chapter 11
“Ancient Greece”
L.4 – A Tale of Two City-States
p. 351
“How were the cultures of Athens and
Sparta similar and different?
 Vocab: ephor, helot

Spartan
Athenian1 helmet
Jigsaw Group Activity:
Objective:
1. Cooperatively read your section and discuss three to four main
points to share with the class orally. Delegate speaking roles.
2. Illustrate your four main points with two notecards. Include
captions and labels. Delegate illustrating roles.
3. Check that all group members have a job and KNOW what their job
is! Good luck!
Assigned Section:
Green - p. 351 (top section only)
Purple - p. 351 (bottom section) stop at Government of Sparta
Pink - p. 353 (Education in Sparta) stop on p. 354 (Training Athenian
Children)
Blue - p. 354 (Training Athenian Children)
Red - p. 355 (Comparing Cultures)
History of Marathon
2
4
Athens
Sparta
Sparta:
Government/Economy
*Oligarchy (rule by a small group)
*Militaristic, strict and aggressive society
•Around 1100 B.C. the Spartans migrated to
Peloponnesus and built the city of Sparta
•They enslaved the farmers who were there and
called them helots, or state slaves assigned to a
particular plot of farmed land.
•There was one Spartan to every 5 helots
•The Spartan army was so fierce the Spartans
didn’t build a wall around the city, it was said they
had a wall of men.
Sparta: Education and
Culture
• Gov’t inspected babies’ health
• Boys leave home at age 7 for military
training
• Spartans citizens were equal
– In order to eliminate social classes...
• No jewelry, elaborate clothes, luxuries,
or accumulation of great private wealth
– Even today, “spartan” means
• Practicing a very “simple life”
Sparta: Gender Roles
• Women married at age
18 or 20 but did not
live with their husbands
– The men stayed in
the barracks until
about age 30 when
they began to set up
households with
their wives and
children
– Women maintained
strict physical
regimes in the hopes
of bearing strong
children
Sparta Overview - Start at 2min
Athens
*Democracy (ruled by the people)
*Emphasized freedom and participation in
government
•boys more prized than girls
•girls are left at the gates of the city
•wealthy boys receive formal education, but girls don’t
(learn crafts) and marry at age 15!
•men enter army and can choose after two
they want to do!
years what
TWO Greek City-States:
ATHENS
A. Physical Education
*boys only
B. Cultural Education
*boys studied formally
*girls studied crafts and
poetry
C. Economy/Military
*farming and trade
*joined military for two
years
D. Gov’t
*democracy
*people ruled themselves
*emphasized freedom and
participation in gov’t
SPARTA
A. Physical Education
*boys and girls ran and
wrestled
*boys prepped for military,
girls prepped for
motherhood
B. Cultural Education
*boys could read and write
*girls and boys danced and
sung
C. Economy/Military
*all males were soldiers
*7-years old and up (trained to
be soldiers)
D. Gov’t
*oligarchy
*emphasized order
*senate and ephors made laws
*assembly voted
*”simple” lifestyles
11
SPARTA
ATHENS
A. Physical Education
*
B. Cultural Education
*
*
C. Economy/Military
A. Physical Education
*
*
B. Cultural Education
*
*
C. Economy/Military
*
*
*
*
D. Gov’t
D. Gov’t
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*