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We are the dot in… .NET
Distributed Smart Client Applications
November 2004
Jay Traband, CTO
[email protected]
www.ideablade.com
Glad to be here
IdeaBlade Proprietary - May 22, 2017
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What is a Distributed Smart Client?
 Distributed
 Processing in multiple places
 Data in multiple places
 Smart Client
 Maximized client-side processing
• Presentation layer
• Business logic
 Ability to run disconnected
 One-click deployment
IdeaBlade Proprietary - May 22, 2017
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Typical 3-Tier Architecture
Data
Tier
Middle
Tier
Relational
Database
Business
Object Server
IdeaBlade Proprietary - May 22, 2017
Client
Tier
Internet
PC
Clients
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Business Object Persistence
 How do I get data out of my database & into my business objects?
 Do I pick a specific database vendor or write vendor neutral code?
 Do my developers all need to know SQL? If so how do I isolate it?
 How much business logic do I put in the database (stored proc/triggers
etc)?
 How do I handle concurrency, transactions, and multiple databases?
IdeaBlade Proprietary - May 22, 2017
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What is a Business Object?
 An instance of a class with . . .
 Business data - “Salary”
 Business logic - “GarnishWages()”
 Business events - “SalaryChanged”
 Persistence
 Identity
IdeaBlade Proprietary - May 22, 2017
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Persistence Options
Data
Tier
Business
Model
SQL
Relational
Database
SQL
Data
Encapsulation
Data
Business
Object
Business
Object
SQL
IdeaBlade Proprietary - May 22, 2017
Object
Relational
Mapping
Business
Object
Business
Objects
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Why Object-Relational Mapping
 Decouple object and database semantics
 Encapsulate database schema
 Database & derived properties look the same
 employee.BirthDate, employee.Age
 Object graph navigation
 “dot” notation vs. n-way joins & sub-selects
“customer.Address.City” vs. “Select City from Address where Address.Id
= Customer.AddressId and Customer.Id=12345”
 Minimize or eliminate developer SQL
 Custom and conflicting SQL
 Stored Procedures
 Database independence
IdeaBlade Proprietary - May 22, 2017
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Enterprise-class ORM
 Separate business object developers from consumers
 Hide / filter / extend business objects for consumers
 In-memory, fine-grain object cache
 Offline mode; local persistence
 Object query language
 Views, stored procedures, & user-defined fields
 Round-tripping: handle triggers & db calculations
 Transactions & optimistic concurrency
 Database independence
IdeaBlade Proprietary - May 22, 2017
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Business Object Mobility
 How do I move business objects between the object server and the
client?
 Do I use web Services, remoting, message queues or all of the above?
 How do I handle firewalls & proxy servers?
 Should I pass data, objects or distributed refs to objects?
 How do I provide security?
 Authentication / Authorization
 Secure execution context & code access security
 What performance / scalability tradeoffs am I making?
IdeaBlade Proprietary - May 22, 2017
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Distributed Processing Issues
 Object oriented design conflicts with
Scalable distributed design
 Object methods and properties are fine grained,
distributed methods are chunky
 Object mobility (marshal by value vs marshal by ref)
 Data Locality – data close to where used
 Stateless objects for scalability;
Stateful objects for ease of development
 Session info, load balancing & threading
IdeaBlade Proprietary - May 22, 2017
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Distributing Data / Objects
Data
Tier
Middle
Tier
Client
Tier
SQL
Relational
Database
Web Services / RPC
Business
Object
Business
Object
Business
Object
Web Services /
XML Documents
PC
Clients
Object Remoting
IdeaBlade Proprietary - May 22, 2017
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Where is the Business Logic?
Data Tier, Middle Tier, Client Tier ?
 Middle Tier – the standard answer
 Logic all in one place
 Security
 Middle Tier (some in Data Tier)
 + Performance
 - Encapsulation
 Client Tier and Middle Tier (Object mobility)
 Logic still in one “place” … the business object
 Business object execution space can vary
 Best performance
 Security is shared between the tiers
IdeaBlade Proprietary - May 22, 2017
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Client Side Processing
 How do I manage my business objects on the client?
 How do I keep them in synch with the server?
 Do I cache business objects on the client?
 How do I handle large object graphs?
 How do I operate when not connected to the server?
 How do I query for objects on the client?
 How do I keep my user interface in synch with my business objects?
 How do I insure that any change to a business object appears in the user
interface?
 How do I insure that refreshed data from the object server appears in the
user interface?
IdeaBlade Proprietary - May 22, 2017
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Model–View–Controller
Client
Model
Controller
Sales
Sales
Rep
1
Rep
3
Sales
Sales
Rep
2
Rep
4
View
Controllers
Controller
Business
Object
Business
Object
Business
Object
Model
IdeaBlade Proprietary - May 22, 2017
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Distributed Smart Client Architecture
Data
Tier
Middle
Tier
Client
Tier
Database
Business
Object
Server
Client
Databinding
Controller
SQL
Remoting
Table Rows
Business
Objects
Model
IdeaBlade Proprietary - May 22, 2017
View
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We are the dot in… .NET
Thanks For Your Time
Jay Traband, CTO
[email protected]
www.ideablade.com