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Insects and Their Relatives Section 30.3 Insect diversity The largest group of animals Four important orders: – ‘shield-winged’ like beetles Diptera – ‘two-winged’ like flies Lepidoptera – ‘scale-winged’ like butterflies Hymenoptera – ‘membrane-winged’ like wasps Coleoptera Coleoptera Green bottle fly Butterflies Ants Insect Body Plan 1. 2. 3. Head – has mandibles, specialized mouthparts, one pair of antennae and usually 1 pair of compound eyes Thorax – has three pairs of jointed walking legs; some without wings, others with 1 or 2 pairs of wings Abdomen – has 9 – 11 segments Insect body parts Insect Life Cycle Complete metamorphosis: Almost all insect species egg larva pupa in chrysalis adult Incomplete metamorphosis: egg nymph (several molts) adult Insect Life Styles Flight: Insects were the first animals to develop flight Wings develop from sacs of the body wall of the thorax Most insects can fold their wings over the abdomen – some cannot Social insects: Ants, bees, wasps, and termites Division of labor within the colony Many insects can fly Ants are social insects Insect relatives Centipedes –1 pair of legs per segment; carnivores Millipedes – 2 pair of legs per segment; herbivores Centipedes – 1 pair of legs/segment Millipedes – 2 pairs of legs/segment