Download How are cells classified?

How are cells
classified?
ribosomes
organelle
nucleus
Cell
membrane
Amino
acids
proteins
ribosomes
organelle
nucleus
Cell
membrane
Amino
acids
proteins
Small rice looking structures that construct
proteins for the cell from amino acids; nonmembrane covered organelle
ribosomes
organelle
nucleus
Cell
membrane
Amino
acids
proteins
Small rice looking structures that construct
proteins for the cell from amino acids; nonmembrane covered organelle
A small, often membrane covered, miniature
organ-like structure found inside a cell that
helps it function.
ribosomes
organelle
nucleus
Cell
membrane
Amino
acids
proteins
Small rice looking structures that construct
proteins for the cell from amino acids; nonmembrane covered organelle
A small, often membrane covered, miniature
organ-like structure found inside a cell that
helps it function.
Usually the largest and most obvious
membrane covered organelle inside a cell
eukaryote; controls all cell functions
ribosomes
organelle
nucleus
Cell
membrane
Amino
acids
proteins
Small rice looking structures that construct
proteins for the cell from amino acids; nonmembrane covered organelle
A small, often membrane covered, miniature
organ-like structure found inside a cell that
helps it function.
Usually the largest and most obvious
membrane covered organelle inside a cell
eukaryote; controls all cell functions
A thin, structure surrounding ALL cells;
controls what enters and exits the cell
ribosomes
organelle
nucleus
Cell
membrane
Amino
acids
proteins
Small rice looking structures that construct
proteins for the cell from amino acids; nonmembrane covered organelle
A small, often membrane covered, miniature
organ-like structure found inside a cell that
helps it function.
Usually the largest and most obvious
membrane covered organelle inside a cell
eukaryote; controls all cell functions
A thin, structure surrounding ALL cells;
controls what enters and exits the cell
A subunit of a protein that the cell needs.
ribosomes
organelle
nucleus
Cell
membrane
Amino
acids
proteins
Small rice looking structures that construct
proteins for the cell from amino acids; nonmembrane covered organelle
A small, often membrane covered, miniature
organ-like structure found inside a cell that
helps it function.
Usually the largest and most obvious
membrane covered organelle inside a cell
eukaryote; controls all cell functions
A thin, structure surrounding ALL cells;
controls what enters and exits the cell
A subunit of a protein that the cell needs.
Large molecules that are composed of amino
acids. Cells break down proteins to get the
amino acids they need.
Construct
History
• 1665: Robert Hooke used a microscope to search for
something interesting and found the cell.
• 1673: Anton van Leeuwenhoek found many
unicellular organisms (bacteria , yeast)
• 1838: Schleiden concluded all plant parts are made
of cells.
• 1969: Rudolph Virchow discovered cells only came
from other cells
The Cell Theory
1. All organisms are made of one or more cells.
2. Cell is basic unit of life.
3. All cells come from existing cells.
Structure Similarities
• All have a cell membrane that acts as a barrier and
controls the passage of materials into and out of the
cell.
• Have hereditary material called DNA which controls all
activities of the cell.
• Cytoplasm is a jelly-like fluid in all cells.
• All cells have the organelles, or super small structures
in a cell, called ribosomes.
• All cells are itsy, bitsy!
• All cells are small because
of surface area to volume
ratio.
– If a cell were to get too big
or to increase in volume
there would not be enough
surface area to take in O2
and get rid of CO2.
– So… multicellular
organisms just make
additional cells to grow and
the size of a unicellular
organism is limited.
Why so small?
Two Categories
• Prokaryotic:
Ex. bacteria
– No nucleus
– Circular DNA
– No membrane covered organelles
• Eukaryotic:
Ex. All other cells
– Nucleus
(plant, animal, fungi
– Linear DNA (in a line)
protist)
– Membrane covered organelles