Download Plant Cell

Plant Cell
Structure and Function
Cell Membrane
• Made up of Lipids, Protein and
Carbohydrates
• Forms a lipid bi-layer
Functions of Cell
Membrane
• Controls what molecules enter and exit the
cell
• Protects and Supports the cell
• Helps cell communicate with other cells
Cell Wall
• Structural Features
– Rigid structure composed of cellulose
– Has two or more layers
– It has pores
• Function
– Protect and Support the cell
Chloroplast
• Structural Features
– Surrounded by two membranes
– Contains Chlorophyll
– Type of plastid
• Function
– Site of Photoynthesis
– Sun light is used to make organic compounds
Cytoplasm
• Structural Features
– Jelly like material made of water, salt
and organic compounds
• Function
– Contains organelles
Endoplasmic Reticulum
(ER)
• System of
membranous tubules
and sacs
• Can be rough: with
ribosomes attached
• Can be smooth: no
ribosomes
Functions of the ER
• Rough ER
–Site of new protein production
• Smooth ER
–“Highways” that proteins move
through and storage site for
proteins
Mitochondrion
• Structural Features
–Bean Shape
–Surrounded by 2 membranes
• Functions
– Energy center or “Powerhouse” of the
cell
– Turns food into useable energy (ATP)
Nucleus
• Structural Features
– Surrounded by a double membrane called the
Nuclear Membrane or Envelope
– Has pores
– Contains Chromatin: DNA & Protein
– Contains the Nucleolus which makes
ribosomes
– Contains Nucleoplasm which is cytoplasm of
the nucleus
Functions of the
Nucleus
• Directs all cell activities;
reproduction and protein
production
• “Brains” of the cell
Ribosomes
• Structural Features
–Small, globular (round) organelles
• Function
–Site of protein synthesis
(production)
Vacuole
• Structural Features
– Very large; makes up about 90% of the cell
volume
– Filled with fluids
– Has a single membrane
• Function
– Stores enzymes, food and sometimes waste
Golgi Apparatus
• Structural Features
–Flattened stacks of membranes
(Pancakes)
• Function
–Processes, modifies
and packages proteins
Microtubules
• Structural Features
–Long, slender protein tubes
• Function
–Supports cell
Nucleolus
Nuclear
Membrane
Golgi Apparatus
Nucleoplasm
Mitochondrion
Rough ER
Ribosomes
Smooth ER
Vacuole
Chloroplast
Microtubules
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall